Author(s)

Aklesso Bagny^1*, Late Mawuli Lawson-Ananissoh¹, Oumboma Bouglouga², Lidawu Kogoe¹, Rafiou El Hadji-Yakoubou¹, Debohoma Redah¹, Datouda Redah¹

¹Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department of Campus Teaching Hospital of Lome, Lome, Togo.
²Gastroenterology Unit of Teaching Hospital of Kara, Kara, Togo.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, as well as in Togo, where it is a major public health problem. HCC is the third most common cause of death from cancer. Chronic infection with HBV and HCV is the most important cause of HCC. Objective: To determine the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of HCC in the hepatology and gastroenterology department of Campus Teaching Hospital of Lomé. Patients and method: Descriptive and analytical study, conducted from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017, on all patients admitted in the hepatology and gastroenterology department of Campus Teaching Hospital of Lome for hepatocellular carcinoma. The statistical analysis was done using Stata 13 software. The significance threshold was used for p < 0.05. Findings: A total of 250 patients were retained. Hospital prevalence was 6.1%. There was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 2.84. The average age was 47.15 ± 13.85 (extreme: 20 - 85 years). The average duration of symptoms was 67.08 ± 82.59 days. Pain in the right hypochondrium was the most common reason for consultation (64.6%). The average AFP value was 24,062 ± 33,318 ng/ml. Ultrasound found more than two nodules in 74.75% of cases and a portal thrombosis in 64.97% of cases. The main etiologies found were chronic hepatitis B (55%) and C (8%) virus infections. The majority (89.20%) of patients were in the BCLC D stage. Survival at 6 months was 45%. Factors associated with death were: chronic ethylism (OR = 16.87, p = 0.002), jaundice (OR = 341.57, p = 0.004), rupture of esophageal varices (OR = 42.45, p = 0.008) and a BCLC D score (OR = 9.82, p = 0.041). Conclusion: Young adults were the most affected by HCC, whose etiologies are dominated in our context by hepatitis B and C viruses. The majority of our patients consulted late and was found at the terminal stage of the disease, limiting any therapeutic possibility. In this situation, the best attitude remains prevention.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Diagnosis, Survival, Togo

Bagny, A. , Lawson-Ananissoh, L. , Bouglouga, O. , Kogoe, L. , Hadji-Yakoubou, R. , Redah, D. and Redah, D. (2019) Characteristics and Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma at Campus Teaching Hospital of Lome. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 9, 203-210. doi: 10.4236/ojgas.2019.911023.