ABSTRACT
Deep troughs in Lake
Superior support the hypothesis of Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) comet impact
12,900 BP. The impact theory explains the megafauna extinction, a black mat across the Northern hemisphere, nanodiamonds, platinum and
iridium, and the enigmatic Carolina Bays (CB). While the CB were thought to predate
Clovis cultural remains, but this must now be seen as spurious as the CB occur
on Long Island, an LGM terminal moraine & on end-glacial flood plains, according to Allen West. The CB sand rims are
exceptionally pure quartz with large phenocrysts, and also they exude hydrogen (H). This suggests origin from deep granitic plutons, the
granite typically being over-saturated with silica. When the Russian Kola
Peninsula Superdeep Borehole had reached 40,000 ft, H was boiling from the
borehole. This H is among volatiles copiously dissolved in the mantle, from the
primitive solar nebula. The granite is from the Lake Superior Province. Lakes
Superior, Michigan, Huron & Ontario have deep holes, reaching to below sea
level. Bathymetry exhibits a ~145 km circular contour in Eastern L. Superior,
where deep troughs occur, eroded in breccias infilling impact explosion
cavities many kms deep, as much as 15 to 35 km, the comet fragments coming in from the NW,
with the holes lined up along the trajectory. This was an oblique impact with
an extremely low angle of incidence, so the ejected granite quartz sands ended
up in the CB along the Eastern seaboard principally.