Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane (DDT) and Endosulfan in Sediments of Sabancuy Lagoon, Campeche, Mexico ()
ABSTRACT
DDT and
Endosulfan are persistent organic compounds which have been prohibited and
their use has been limited in agricultural activities due to their toxicity,
persistence and bioaccumulation potential. The use of DDT in fumigation
campaigns against endemic diseases transmitted by vectors of malaria and dengue
was prohibited in Carmen Island, Campeche, Mexico since 1995. In the
surroundings of Sabancuy Lagoon, many and diverse agricultural activities are
carried out and it is a common practice to use organ-chlorine pesticides as
endosulfan. In order to know the levels of these compounds in this area, a
sediment sampling campaign was carried out in ten sampling points randomly
located within the Sabancuy Lagoon, Campeche and considering one reference
sampling point located 2 km away from Sabancuy Lagoon within the Mexican Gulf.
Three metabolites were identified in sediments samples belonging to DDT’s
family: (4,4’-DDD; 4,4’-DDE; 4,4’- DDT) and Endosulfan’s family (Endosulfan I,
Endosulfan II y Endosulfan sulfate). Higher concentrations in DDT’s family were
found for 4,4’-DDD, followed by 4,4’-DDE and 4,4’-DDT. Endosulfan’s family,
showed the following order for concentrations: Endosulfan II > Endosulfan I
> Endosulfan sulfate. Mean concentration for S-DDT and S-Endosulfan in Sabancuy Lagoon
sediments was twice higher than those found in other studies carried out in
Términos Lagoon, Campeche, Mexico in 2002.
Share and Cite:
Ramírez-Elías, M. , Córdova-Quiroz, A. , Cerón-Bretón, J. , Cerón-Bretón, R. , Osten, J. and Cortés-Simón, J. (2016) Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane (DDT) and Endosulfan in Sediments of Sabancuy Lagoon, Campeche, Mexico.
Open Journal of Ecology,
6, 22-31. doi:
10.4236/oje.2016.61003.