Author(s)

Victor M. Loera-Muro, Abraham Loera-Muro, Marcela Morfín-Mata, Mario Jacques, Francisco J. Avelar-González, Flor Ramírez-Castillo, Elsa M. Ramírez-López, Alma L. Guerrero-Barrera

Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México.
Groupe de Recherche sur la Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
Keken, Jefatura Sitio 2 y WTF, Mérida, México.
Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México.

Respiratory pathogens are the main health problem in the swine industry worldwide. These pathogens are transmitted by direct contact between animals or by aerosols and however are not well known yet, if the environment works as its reservoir, inoculum and/or dispersion medium. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of respiratory pathogens in environmental samples from swine farms in Aguascalientes, Mexico, through of PCR and RT-PCR techniques. The bacteria Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida were found viable in samples from water, food, soil and air. Streptococcus suis was found in a viable state in water samples. Haemophilus parasuis, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus and Swine Influenza virus (H1N1 and H3N2) were detected in drinking water samples. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) were not detected in environmental samples. These results suggest that the environment of the farms acts as a reservoir, inoculum and/or vehicle of dispersion for these pathogens except for M. hyopneumoniae and PCV2.

Environment, Respiratory Pathogen, Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex, PCR and RT-PCR

Loera-Muro, V. , Loera-Muro, A. , Morfín-Mata, M. , Jacques, M. , Avelar-González, F. , Ramírez-Castillo, F. , Ramírez-López, E. and Guerrero-Barrera, A. (2014) Porcine Respiratory Pathogens in Swine Farms Environment in Mexico. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 4, 196-205. doi: 10.4236/ojas.2014.44025.