International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics

Volume 3, Issue 3 (September 2013)

ISSN Print: 2161-4717   ISSN Online: 2161-4725

Google-based Impact Factor: 0.78  Citations  h5-index & Ranking

Dark Energy Explained via the Hawking-Hartle Quantum Wave and the Topology of Cosmic Crystallography

HTML  XML Download Download as PDF (Size: 544KB)  PP. 318-343  
DOI: 10.4236/ijaa.2013.33037    12,339 Downloads   17,020 Views  Citations

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present paper is to explain and accurately calculate the missing dark energy density of the cosmos by scaling the Planck scale and using the methodology of the relatively novel discipline of cosmic crystallography and Hawking-Hartle quantum wave solution of Wheeler-DeWitt equation. Following this road we arrive at a modified version of Einstein’s energy mass relation E = mc2 which predicts a cosmological energy density in astonishing accord with the WMAP and supernova measurements and analysis. We develop non-constructively what may be termed super symmetric Penrose fractal tiling and find that the isomorphic length of this tiling is equal to the self affinity radius of a universe which resembles an 11 dimensional Hilbert cube or a fractal M-theory with a Hausdorff dimension where. It then turns out that the correct maximal quantum relativity energy-mass equation for intergalactic scales is a simple relativistic scaling, in the sense of Weyl-Nottale, of Einstein’s classical equation, namely EQR = (1/2)(1/) moc2 = 0.0450849 mc2 and that this energy is the ordinary measurable energy density of the quantum particle. This means that almost 95.5% of the energy of the cosmos is dark energy which by quantum particle-wave duality is the absolute value of the energy of the quantum wave and is proportional to the square of the curvature of the curled dimension of spacetime namely where and is Hardy’s probability of quantum entanglement. Because of the quantum wave collapse on measurement this energy cannot be measured using our current technologies. The same result is obtained by involving all the 17 Stein spaces corresponding to 17 types of the wallpaper groups as well as the 230-11=219 three dimensional crystallographic group which gives the number of the first level of massless particle-like states in Heterotic string theory. All these diverse subjects find here a unified view point leading to the same result regarding the missing dark energy of the universe, which turned out to by synonymous with the absolute value of the energy of the Hawking-Hartle quantum wave solution of Wheeler-DeWitt equation while ordinary energy is the energy of the quantum particle into which the Hawking-Hartle wave collapse at cosmic energy measurement. In other words it is in the very act of measurement which causes our inability to measure the “Dark energy of the quantum wave” in any direct way. The only hope if any to detect dark energy and utilize it in nuclear reactors is future development of sophisticated quantum wave non-demolition measurement instruments.

Share and Cite:

M. Naschie and A. Helal, "Dark Energy Explained via the Hawking-Hartle Quantum Wave and the Topology of Cosmic Crystallography," International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 3 No. 3, 2013, pp. 318-343. doi: 10.4236/ijaa.2013.33037.

Cited by

[1] A Fundamentally Fractal Universe from Einstein, Kaluza-Klein, Witten and Vafa's Space-Time
2019
[2] A fundamentally fractal universe from Einstein, Kaluza-Klein, Witten and Vafa‟ s spacetime
2019
[3] El Naschie, NASA's EM Drive Thrust from the forces of the quantum vacuum of spacetime
2018
[4] El Naschie,“NASA's EM drive thrust from the forces of the quantum vacuum of space-time.”
2018
[5] A Theoretical Justification of NASA Electromagnetic Drive Based on Cosmic Dark Matter
2018
[6] NASA's EM Drive Thrust from the Forces of the Quantum Vacuum of Spacetime
2018
[7] A Combined Heterotic String and Kähler Manifold Elucidation of Ordinary Energy, Dark Matter, Olbers's Paradox and Pure Dark Energy Density of the Cosmos
2017
[8] Naschie: A combined Heterotic string and Kähler manifold elucidation of ordinary energy, dark matter, Olbers's paradox and pure dark energy density of …
Journal of Modern Physics, 2017
[9] Cosserat-Cartan and de Sitter-Witten Spacetime Setting for Dark Energy
Quantum Matter, 2016
[10] Einstein's Dark Energy via Similarity Equivalence,'tHooft Dimensional Regularization and Lie Symmetry Groups
2016
[11] Max Planck Half Quanta as a Natural Explanation for Ordinary and Dark Energy of the Cosmos
2016
[12] Kähler Dark Matter, Dark Energy Cosmic Density and Their Coupling
2016
[13] The Speed of the Passing of Time as Yet Another Facet of Cosmic Dark Energy
2016
[14] Completing Einstein's Spacetime
2016
[15] Cantorian-Fractal Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy as the Ordinary and Dark Energy Density of the Cosmos Respectively
2016
[16] Quantum Disentanglement as the Physics behind Dark Energy
2016
[17] From Kantian-Reinen Vernunft to the Real Dark Energy Density of the Cosmos via the Measure Concentration of Convex Geometry in Quasi Banach Spacetime
2015
[18] Quantum Fractals and the Casimir-Dark Energy Duality—The Road to a Clean Quantum Energy Nano Reactor
Journal of Modern Physics, 2015
[19] A Resolution of the Black Hole Information Paradox via Transfinite Set Theory
World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics, 2015
[20] Dark energy and its cosmic density from Einstein's relativity and gauge fields renormalization leading to the possibility of a new 'tHooft quasi particle
2015
[21] From Kantian-Reinen Fernunft to the Real Dark Energy Density of the Cosmos via the Measure Concentration of Convex Geometry in Quasi Banach …
2015
[22] A Complementarity Resolution of the Black Hole Information Paradox
American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2015
[23] Hubble Scale Dark Energy Meets Nano Scale Casimir Energy and the Rational of Their T-Duality and Mirror Symmetry Equivalence
World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering, 2015
[24] From Kantian-Reinen Fernunft to the Real Dark Energy Density of the Cosmos via the Measure Concentration of Convex Geometry in Quasi Banach …
2015
[25] Deriving E= mc2/22 of Einstein's ordinary quantum relativity energy density from the Lie symmetry group SO (10) of grand unification of all fundamental …
American Journal of Mechanics & Applications, 2014
[26] Einstein's General Relativity and Pure Gravity in a Cosserat and De Sitter-Witten Spacetime Setting as the Explanation of Dark Energy and Cosmic …
2014
[27] From nonlocal elasticity to nonlocal spacetime and nano science
2014
[28] The measure concentration of convex geometry in a quasi Banach spacetime behind the supposedly missing dark energy of the cosmos
2014
[29] Hardy's Entanglement as the Ultimate Explanation for the Observed Cosmic Dark Energy and Accelerated Expansion
2014
[30] Deriving E= mc2/22 of Einstein's ordinary quantum relativity energy density from the Lie symmetry group SO (10) of grand unification of all fundamental forces …
2014
[31] The Hidden Quantum Entanglement Roots of E= mc2 and Its Genesis to E= mc2/22 plus mc2 (21/22) Confirming Einstein's Mass-Energy Formula
2014
[32] Logarithmic running of 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole to dark energy
International Journal of High Energy Physics, 2014
[33] Nonlocal Elasticity to Nonlocal Spacetime and Nanoscience
Bubbfil Nanotechnology, 2014
[34] Einstein’s General Relativity and Pure Gravity in a Cosserat and De Sitter-Witten Spacetime Setting as the Explanation of Dark Energy and Cosmic Accelerated Expansion
International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2014
[35] The Gap Labelling Integrated Density of States for a Quasi Crystal Universe Is Identical to the Observed 4.5 Percent Ordinary Energy Density of the Cosmos
Natural Science, 2014
[36] Entanglement of E8E8 Exceptional Lie Symmetry Group Dark Energy, Einstein’s Maximal Total Energy and the Hartle-Hawking No Boundary Proposal as the Explanation for Dark Energy
World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics, 2014
[37] The hidden quantum entanglement roots of E= mc 2 and its genesis to E=(mc 2/22) plus mc 2 (21/22) confirming Einstein's mass-energy formula
American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications, 2014
[38] Deriving E= mc 2/22 of Einstein’s ordinary quantum relativity energy density from the Lie symmetry group SO (10) of grand unification of all fundamental forces and without quantum mechanics
American Journal of Mechanics and Applications, 2014
[39] Rindler space derivation of dark energy
Journal of Modern Physics and Applications, 2014
[40] Cosserat-Cartan modification of Einstein-Riemann relativity and cosmic dark energy density
American Journal of Modern Physics, 2014
[41] Pinched Material Einstein Space-Time Produces Accelerated Cosmic Expansion
International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2014
[42] Einstein's General Relativity and Pure Gravity in a Cosserat and De Sitter-Witten Spacetime Setting as the Explanation of Dark Energy and Cosmic Accelerated …
2014
[43] Entanglement of E8E8 Exceptional Lie Symmetry Group Dark Energy, Einstein's Maximal Total Energy and the Hartle-Hawking No Boundary Proposal as the …
2014
[44] NASA EM Drive via E-Infinity Cantorian-Fractal Space-Time Theory
2013
[45] Experimentally based theoretical arguments that Unruh's temperature, Hawking's vacuum fluctuation and Rindler's wedge are physically real
2013
[46] From Yang-Mills photon in curved spacetime to dark energy density
Journal of Quantum Information Science, 2013
[47] Chaotic fractal tiling for the missing dark energy and Veneziano model
Applied Mathematics, 2013
[48] Quantum gravity and dark energy using fractal Planck scaling
Journal of Modern Physics, 2013
[49] A Rindler-KAM spacetime geometry and scaling the Planck scale solves quantum relativity and explains dark energy
International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2013
[50] An Invitation to El Naschie's Theory of Cantorian Space-Time and Dark Energy
International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2013
[51] The Three Page Guide to the Most Important Results of MS El Naschie's Research in E-Infinity Quantum Physics and Cosmology
Open Journal of Microphysics, 2013
[52] Quantum gravity and dark energy via a new Planck scale
Fractal Spacetime and Noncommutative Geometry in Quantum and High Energy Physics, 2013
[53] On Robe's Circular Restricted Problem of Three Variable Mass BodiExperimentally Based Theoretical Arguments that Unruh's Temperature, Hawkings's Vacuum Fluctuation and Rindler's Wedge Are Physically Real
American Journal of Modern Physics, 2013

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.