The burrowing and feeding activities of earthworms may have a strong effect on the flux of N₂O from agricultural soils. As such, shifts to agricultural management practices that increase the number of earthworms require an understanding of the role of earthworms in N₂O dynamics. We conducted a field experiment to examine the effects of addition of anecic earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) on N₂O flux in a field previously planted with corn (Zea mays) in southern Rhode Island, USA. Plots were amended with (¹⁵NH₄)₂SO₄ and either 0 (CTL) or 48 L. terrestris m^-2 (EW). The flux of N₂O, ¹⁵N₂O and ¹⁵N₂ was measured over 28 days between October and November 2008. The EW treatment had a significantly higher flux of N₂O and ¹⁵N₂O 1 - 3 days after ¹⁵NH₄ addition. No treatment effects were observed on ¹⁵N₂ flux. The addition of earthworms significantly increased (Day 1) and decreased (Day 12) the mole fraction of N₂O relative to the CTL. Our results suggest that anecic earthworm additions can increase N₂O flux from inorganic fertilizer N amendments, but the effects appear to short-lived.