The research evaluated two wood species, chestnut and Douglas fir, that are widespread in Tuscany, treated with an oleothermicprocess. Efficacy of this treatment against fungal decay was assessed through laboratory and field tests. The aim of this research was to investigate if an oleothermic process could add value to these natural resources when utilized in Use Class 4 (EN 335) for agricultural purposes such as vineyard poles. The treatment was effective on sapwood of both wood species in laboratory test, giving a protection similar to the untreated heartwood but in case of chestnut, it was easily washed away. In field test the leaching during the outdoor exposure reduced the resistance to fungal decay in both species.