Author(s)

Joseph Capito¹, Mitchell Hoyson², Amie M. Ashcraft¹, Hassan Suleiman³, Courtney S. Pilkerton¹

¹Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
²Department of Clinical Family Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
³Departments of Critical Care Medicine & Nephrology, Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.

Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome (STLS) is a rare oncologic condition caused by the breakdown of neoplastic tissue in the absence of traditional anti-tumor therapy. It is postulated that cancers with rapidly dividing cells lead to increased cell turnover which exceeds the kidneys’ ability to adequately filtrate by-products of cellular breakdown (i.e., phosphate, potassium, anduric acid), leading to end organ damage. It has been reported in the past that kidney failure is a sequelae of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS), but there have been no reports that demonstrate acute kidney injury (AKI) preceding TLS. The case presented here demonstrates TLS in a patient with no formal cancer diagnosis, who had received no chemotherapy or radiation that was precipitated by an iatrogenic AKI with chlorthalidone and ibuprofen. This unusual pattern of AKI preceding STLS may provide insight into the pathophysiology of the condition and could possibly lead to greater understanding of this phenomenon.

Spontaneous Tumor Lysis, Acute Kidney Injury, Lymphoma, Chlorthalidone, NSAID

Capito, J. , Hoyson, M. , Ashcraft, A. , Suleiman, H. and Pilkerton, C. (2024) Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome Secondary to Iatrogenic Acute Kidney Injury: A Case Report. Case Reports in Clinical Medicine, 13, 155-161. doi: 10.4236/crcm.2024.135017.