Author(s)

Mahmoud Elmahi¹, Giri Raj Kattel^2,3,4*, Ibrahem M. Abdallah⁵, Boufeniza Redouane Larbi⁶, Monzer Hamadalnel^7,8, Chabi Nacira⁹, El Rhadiouini Charafa¹⁰, Yeboah Emmanuel¹⁰, Ahmed Almahi¹¹

¹School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
²School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
³Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
⁴Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
⁵National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.
⁶Institute for Climate and Application Research, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
⁷Department of Astronomy and Meteorology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Omdurman Islamic University, Oumdurman, Sudan.
⁸Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
⁹Marine and Coastal Ecosystem Laboratory, University Campus of Dely Ibrahim, Algiers, Algeria.
¹⁰School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
¹¹School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China.

Oil spills pose significant threats to aquatic ecosystems, necessitating the development of accurate predictive models to assess their impact and guide emergency response efforts. This study investigates the potential consequences of oil spills along the Sudanese coast, using the Web GNOME model to simulate two hypothetical scenarios during the winter and summer. The analysis reveals the decisive influence of wind, water currents and temperature on oil spill paths and weathering processes. Winter simulations showed a worrying trend, with spilled oil reaching islands and beaches, while summer scenarios showed minimal risks due to relatively weak and variable wind patterns. We found that the evaporation rates exceeded 60% in both scenarios, while dispersion remained modest. Emulsification processes resulted in a significant increase in the water content in oil molecules within 120 hours of spill initiation. Although this study provides valuable insights into emergency response planning, limitations in the current models still hinder a comprehensive understanding of oil spill dynamics, particularly with respect to wave-induced fragmentation. Further research using diverse spill models is warranted to improve predictive capabilities and enhance response strategies in the Red Sea region. This study underscores the urgent need to take proactive measures to mitigate potential pollution impacts on Sudanese coastal areas and neighboring islands.

Oil Spill, Web GNOME Model, ADIOS2 Model, Sudanese Coastlines, Red Sea

Elmahi, M. , Kattel, G.R. , Abdallah, I.M. , Larbi, B.R. , Hamadalnel, M. , Nacira, C. , Charafa, E.R. , Emmanuel, Y. and Almahi, A. (2024) Analyzing Oil Spill Dynamics along the Sudanese Coast Using Web GNOME Modeling. Open Access Library Journal, 11, 1-26. doi: 10.4236/oalib.1111492.