Author(s)

Serge Hugues Mahougnon Dohou¹, Nicolas Hamondji Amegan^2*, Ahmad Ibrahim¹, Gérard Médétinmè Kpanidja³, Chabi Olaniran Alphonse Biaou⁴, Houétondji Léopold Codjo⁵

¹Cardiology Teaching and Research Unit (CHUD-B/A), Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin.
²École de Santé Publique de l’Université de Montréal (ESPUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
³Paediatrics and Medical Genetics Teaching and Research Unit (CHUD-B/A), Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin.
⁴Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
⁵Cardiology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.

Background: Congenital heart disease is a public health issue due to its incidence and mortality rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term mortality of children with congenital heart disease admitted to the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou/Alibori (CHUD-B/A) from 2011 to 2022. Methods: This descriptive longitudinal study with analytical aims covered 11 years (April 1, 2011 to December 31, 2022). It consisted of a review of the records of children under 15 years of age with echocardiographically confirmed congenital heart disease. This was followed by an interview with the parents to assess the children’s current condition. Data were entered using Kobocollect software and analyzed using R Studio 4.2.2. software. Results: A total of 143 complete files were retained. The median age at diagnosis was 14 months (IIQ: Q1 = 4; Q3 = 60) with a range of 2 days and 175 months, and the sex-ratio (M/F) was 0.96. Left-to-right shunts were the most frequent cardiopathy group (62.9%). Only 35 children (24.5%) benefited from restorative treatment. The mortality rate was 31.5%. Median survival under the maximum bias assumption was 114 months and 216 months under the assumption of minimum bias. Survival was significantly better in children with right-to-left shunts (p = 0.0049) under the assumption of minimum bias. The death risk factors were: age at diagnosis less than 12 months (aHR = 7.58; 95% CI = 3.36 - 17.24; p < 0.001), cyanogenic heart disease (aHR = 1.50; 95% CI = 3.36 - 17.24; p = 0.017), stopping medical follow-up (aHR = 3.80; 95% CI = 1.58 - 9.18; p = 0.003) and absence of restorative treatment (aHR = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.21 - 3.44; p = 0.007). Conclusion: The long-term mortality of congenital heart disease is high and favoured by the absence of restorative treatment. Local correction of congenital heart disease and medical follow-up will help to reduce this mortality.

Congenital Heart Disease, Long-Term, Mortality, Parakou, Risk Factors

Dohou, S. , Amegan, N. , Ibrahim, A. , Kpanidja, G. , Biaou, C. and Codjo, H. (2024) Long-Term Mortality of Children with Congenital Heart Disease Admitted to the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou/Alibori from 2011 to 2022. World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases, 14, 166-186. doi: 10.4236/wjcd.2024.143014.