Author(s)

Junior Barthelemy Mekeme Mekeme^1,2*, Oriol Landry Mbouche¹, Figuim Bello^1,2, Bright Che Awondo¹, Aurele Achille Mbassi², Cedrick Jean Fouda², Tax Liendi¹, Marcella Biyouma¹, Guillaume Gayma¹, Marcel Junior Yon Mekeme^1,3, Junior Ngue Ngue³,   Mabah³, Paul Adrien Atangana⁴, Pierre Ongolo Zogo^1,2, Pierre Joseph Fouda^1,2, Noel Coulibaly⁵, Angwafo III Fru¹, Maurice Aurelien Sosso¹

¹Faculty of Medecine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.
²Department and Urology and Andrology, Yaounde Central Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon.
³Higher Institute Medical Technology, Yaounde, Cameroun.
⁴Anatomy and CytoPathology Laboratory “Centre Pasteur”, Yaounde, Cameroon.
⁵Felix Houphouet Boigny University of Cocody, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.

Background: The diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) relies on clinical assessment with digital rectal examination, serum PSA and histological examination. Limitations in our technical facilities, high financial cost of ultrasound-guided biopsy often prevent us from implementing the guidelines on the practice of prostate biopsy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective and cross-sectional descriptive study comparing digital-guided and ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsy of 400 patients over a period of 12 years in the Yaounde Central Hospital. We reviewed files of patients who underwent digital and ultrasound guided biopsy procedures. Data was analyzed using EPI info 7.0. Parametric variables were reported as means and standard deviations and percentages and counts were used to report categorical variables. Results: Out of the 400 patients, 292 digital-guided transrectal biopsies (73%) and 108 ultrasound-guided transrectal biopsies (27%) were performed in patients who were suspected of having prostate cancer (PCa). Patients were aged between 39 to 90 years. Both procedures were effective in identifying prostate cancer. Gleason score between 2 to 10 detected prostate adenocarcinoma for 301 patients (75.2%). The complications included anal pain, rectal bleeding, hematuria and urinary tract infections, with an occurrence rate similar for both ultrasound-guided (2.25%) and digitally-guided techniques (2.5%). Seven patients (1.75%) required hospitalization for management of complications. The mortality rate was null. Conclusion: Both techniques are effective in detecting PCa with the similar complication rates. Digital-guided trans-rectal prostate biopsy still has its place in a resource-limited setting like ours.

Prostate, Biopsy, Digital Guided, Ultrasound Guided, Adenocarcinoma, Gleason Score

Mekeme, J. , Mbouche, O. , Bello, F. , Awondo, B. , Mbassi, A. , Fouda, C. , Liendi, T. , Biyouma, M. , Gayma, G. , Mekeme, M. , Ngue, J. , Mabah, &. , Atangana, P. , Zogo, P. , Fouda, P. , Coulibaly, N. , Fru, A. and Sosso, M. (2023) Comparison of Transrectal Prostate Digital and Ultrasound-Guided Core Biopsies in 400 Men in a Low-and-Middle Income Country. Open Journal of Urology, 13, 418-432. doi: 10.4236/oju.2023.1310048.