Journal of Modern Physics

Volume 14, Issue 11 (October 2023)

ISSN Print: 2153-1196   ISSN Online: 2153-120X

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Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry from Preon Condensation Prior to the Hadron Epoch

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DOI: 10.4236/jmp.2023.1411083    44 Downloads   280 Views  
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ABSTRACT

A universe consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons with electrical neutrality is consistent with an equal number of c and preons, assuming the rishon preon theory of Shupe and Harari. Similarly, a universe consisting of antiprotons, antineutrons, and positrons with electrical neutrality is consistent with an equal number of c and preons. Hence, any combination of such matter-antimatter compositions is also consistent with an equal number of c and preons and overall electrical neutrality. It is proposed that the difference observed in baryon-antibaryon number density relative to photon number density, ~5 × 10-10, is due to allocation of preons between matter and antimatter during preon condensation into normal matter. Three approaches of increasing rigor and complexity are considered: 1) an allocation at times corresponding to the Planck temperature due to fluctuations, 2) an allocation at times corresponding to quark formation due to preon bonding, and 3) an allocation at times corresponding to the electroweak scale. All approaches can give the correct order of magnitude of the asymmetry assuming out-of-equili-brium freeze-out and a slight and allowed charge (C) asymmetry in preon condensation in a self-consistent quantum field theory. Sakharov’s baryon non-conservation condition is evidently circumvented with these approaches, because they assume another level of matter (preons) which is present before quark formation. Thus, preons can provide an elementary explanation of primordial matter-antimatter asymmetry. A relationship between Higgs boson states and preons is proposed.

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Holmes, R. (2023) Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry from Preon Condensation Prior to the Hadron Epoch. Journal of Modern Physics, 14, 1437-1451. doi: 10.4236/jmp.2023.1411083.

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