Author(s)

Michel Assane Ndour^*, Demba Diédhiou, Djiby Sow, Boundia Djiba, Mouhamed Dieng, Ibrahima Mané Diallo, Fatou Kiné Gadji, Julie Borges, Muriel Diembou, Fama Mody Ndiaye, El Hadj Mouhamadou Moustapha Thioye, Charles Halim, Philippe Moreira, Anna Sarr, Maïmouna Ndour Mbaye

Medical Clinic II, Abass Ndao Hospital Center, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.

Introduction: In Senegal, there is very little data on prolactinomas despite their negative impact on couples fertility. Patients and methods: This was a multicentre, retrospective, descriptive, analytical study conducted from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2022 in the neurosurgery departments of the Fann and Principal hospitals and the endocrinology department of the Abass Ndao Hospital. Results: We included 89 patients, representing a prevalence of 36.7% among all cases of pituitary adenoma. The mean age was 35.6 ± 10 years and the sex ratio was 0.34. The mean time to consultation was 27.1 ± 29 months. Clinical symptoms were dominated by gonadotropic disorders represented by galactorrhoea (71 cases, 79.8%), amenorrhoea (61 cases, 68.5%), and infertility in the couple (31 cases, 34.8%). Fifty-seven (58) patients presented with a tumour syndrome (65.2%, including 57 cases of headache (64%), 34 cases of visual disorders (38.2%) and 8 patients with a dysmorphic syndrome (8.9%). Imaging revealed a macroadenoma in 68.5% (61 cases) and extension of the adenoma in 11 patients (12.4%). The hormonal profile was isolated lactotropic hypersecretion (80 cases, 89.9%) and mixed in 9 cases (including concomitant secretion of GH in 8 cases and ACTH in 1 case). All patients had initially benefited? from dopaminergic agonist-based medical treatment. Pituitary surgery was effective in 45 patients (50.6%), including 44 cases by transsphenoidal approach. Postoperative incidents included transient diabetes insipidus (77.7%) and cerebrospinal fluid leakage (20%). We noted 7 cases (7.9%) of death presenting with a tumour syndrome (100%), a macro-adenoma (85.7%), having undergone pituitary surgery (42.9%). The factors significantly associated with prolactinoma were young age (p < 0.001), female sex (p < 0.001), long delay in consultation (p < 0.001) and a microadenoma (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This series also demonstrates the impact of prolactin adenomas on reproductive function. Delayed diagnosis explains the predominance of macroadenomas, which are a source of pre- and post-operative complications.

Prolactinoma, Fertility Disorders, Tumour Syndrome, Pituitary Adenomas

Ndour, M. , Diédhiou, D. , Sow, D. , Djiba, B. , Dieng, M. , Diallo, I. , Gadji, F. , Borges, J. , Diembou, M. , Ndiaye, F. , Thioye, E. , Halim, C. , Moreira, P. , Sarr, A. and Mbaye, M. (2023) Prolactin Adenomas in Senegal: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of 89 Cases. Open Journal of Internal Medicine, 13, 209-217. doi: 10.4236/ojim.2023.133022.