Author(s)

Saori Gocho^1,2,3*, Yukina Miyagi^2,3, Naoko Yamaguchi², Chika Nakayama⁴, Yuka Miyachi³, Shoshiro Okada², Taeyuki Oshima³

¹Department of Pharmacy, Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital, Nakagawa, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
²Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
³College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Moriyama, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
⁴Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University of Medical Science, Kani, Gifu, Japan.

Background: Pharmacists must adjust their distance from patients to facilitate communication during interviews and gain their trust. The distance between the patients and the pharmacists varies depending on many factors, such as gender, posture and the patients’ mood. Only a few of these papers have actually measured and validated distance with patients. In this study, we validated our method of assessing mood and measuring distance before beginning a survey with patients. Methods: We measured comfortable interpersonal distance among men and women using an ecological scenario, in which a pharmacist approaches the subject, and the subject is asked to stop the pharmacist at the distance he/she feel comfortable with. Five pharmacists and 33 subjects participated in the study. The Japanese version of the Brief Mood Questionnaire Checklists (BMC-J) was used to quantify the subject’s mood for the day, and then the distance from the pharmacist that the subjects considered comfortable was measured at the bedside. The relationship between the mood and distance obtained was examined. Results: The comfortable distance of subjects was influenced by gender, posture, and mood. The shortest distance was 94.7 ± 11.1 cm (mean ± SD), for the male subjects versus the female pharmacists in the sitting position. The distance of male subjects shorted when they had positive emotions and lengthened when they were worried. Female subjects maintained a long distance from both male and female pharmacists when they had positive emotions and a short distance when they were worried. Conclusion: Findings show that the distance changes depending on the subjects’ mood at the time of measurement. It was found that the present measurement method can be used to determine the psychological state of the patient and measure the comfort distance at that time, and can be used as a simple method to examine these relationships. Therefore, it is also considered a practical method for the next step, which is a clinical study on patients.

Non-Verbal Communication, Personal Space, Interpersonal Distance, Mood, Pharmacist

Gocho, S. , Miyagi, Y. , Yamaguchi, N. , Nakayama, C. , Miyachi, Y. , Okada, S. and Oshima, T. (2023) Investigation of Patients’ Mood on Their Distance from the Pharmacist during Medication Instruction. Pharmacology & Pharmacy, 14, 145-155. doi: 10.4236/pp.2023.145011.