Author(s)

Taís Silva Sousa^1*, Clezio Júnior Teixeira Viegas¹, Helenilza Ferreira Albuquerque Cunha^1,2, Alan Cavalcanti da Cunha^1,2,3

¹Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil.
²Graduate Program in Tropical Biodiversity, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil.
³Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil.

Drainage system is a poorly investigated basic sanitation and urban planning issue in the Amazon, which is often related to flooding processes and public health. The aim of the present research is to correlate Preliminary Risk of Flooding (PRF) to independent variables, based on the following methodology: 1) identifying and classifying risk areas by using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and 2) statistically correlating risk to sanitary and environmental variables. Results have shown that preliminary risk is correlated to, at least, seven sanitary and environmental variables, depending on flood influence area; and there are significant correlations observed in the rainy season interval [probability or significance (p) < 0.05]. In conclusion, PRF is higher in the rainy season, but it is spatially influenced by the elevation of terrain, number of flooding points, drainage typology and Environmental Salubrity Index (ESI) of neighborhoods, which directly affect the water quality in nearby groundwater wells (Total Coliforms, nitrate (NO₃) and ammonia (NH₃)). However, this influence can eventually significantly change in the dry season.

Drainage System, Environmental Salubrity Index, Groundwater, GIS

Sousa, T. , Viegas, C. , Cunha, H. and Cunha, A. (2023) Drainage and Preliminary Risk of Flooding in an Urban Zone of Eastern Amazon. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 11, 1-16. doi: 10.4236/gep.2023.115001.