Author(s)

Syphanna Sou^1,2*, Roman Meas², Vattanak Ek², Panha Uong¹, Keoseyla Unn¹, Neang Nov¹, Seiha Un¹, Kimyi Kaing¹, Viseth Khuon¹, Tharuom Ny^1,2, Panha Mon¹, Sovannvireak Kann¹, Dimanche Chhit^1,2, Sokchay Um¹, Vithiarithy Chey^1,2

¹Khmer Soviet Friendship Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
²University of Health Sciences, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

Aims: To assess N-2-butyl cyanoacrylate injection’s effectiveness and safety in the treatment of gastric varix hemorrhage. Methods: Endoscopic treatment with N-Butyl-2-cyanoacrylate injection was performed on 32 patients (21 males and 11 females) with gastric variceal bleeding. The socioeconomic status of the patients, initial hemostasis, rebleeding rate, complications, and mortality rate were all reviewed retrospectively. Patients with liver cirrhosis who presented with hematemesis or melena or whose endoscopy revealed gastric variceal bleeding were included. Therefore, patients with hemodynamic instability were excluded. Results: A total of 32 patients underwent Histoacryl^® glue injection to treat bleeding gastric varices. The mean age was 56.09 ± 9.29 (mean ± SD) years old. Viral hepatitis is the leading cause of chronic liver disease, both hepatitis B and C accounted for 11 cases (34.4%). IGV1 was the most commonly seen, according to the Sarin classification, with 15 cases (46.8%), followed by GOV1 with 10 cases (31.3%) and GOV2 with 7 cases (21.9%). With 15 cases (46.9%), the majority of patients had a Child-Pugh (CTP) B score. 12 cases (37.5%) and 11 (34.4%), respectively, of hematemesis and melena, were reported. In all patients, initial hemostasis was achieved, and there was no documented complication rate. Conclusion: Given the higher rate of hemostasis and great results, our study’s findings indicate that the injection of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate under endoscopic guidance is safe and effective in the management of GV hemorrhage. After the initial injection, hemostasis was achieved in all of our patients.

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Portal Hypertension, Gastric Varix, Initial Hemostasis, Cyanoacrylate (Hystoacryl) Injection

Sou, S. , Meas, R. , Ek, V. , Uong, P. , Unn, K. , Nov, N. , Un, S. , Kaing, K. , Khuon, V. , Ny, T. , Mon, P. , Kann, S. , Chhit, D. , Um, S. and Chey, V. (2023) Gastric Variceal Bleeding: The Efficacy and Safety of N-Butyl-2-Cyanoacrylate Glue Injection. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 13, 80-90. doi: 10.4236/ojgas.2023.132009.