Author(s)

N. Y. Ngakengni^1,2*, H. S. M. OponguyN’dzanda¹, L. Tchidjo Ngamo¹, A. P. J. Oko^1,2, L. C. Atipo-Ibara Ollandzobo^1,2, L. C. Akoli Togho Abessou², S. M. Angouma Oya², M. B. Moukouba Foueta², F. Nombo Mavoungou², C. Akouango Gnessou², G. Ekouya Bowassa^1,2

¹Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.
²Department of Neonatology, Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.

Background: Late Neonatal Bacterial Infection (LNNBI) is a clinical and biological manifestations related to penetration and growth of specific causative bacteria in bloodstream occurring on the 4^th-28^th day of life. LNNBI still represents an important cause of mortality and morbidity among infants. Objectives: To determine the frequency of late bacterial infections in newborns, to describe the clinical and biological profiles and to identify the main responsible germs. Methods: Descriptive study data collection, conducted over a period of 10 months at the Brazzaville Teaching Hospital, of interest to newborns admitted from the 4^th day of life for suspicion of neonatal infection, and those admitted for any other pathology and having presented an infection 48 hours after hospitalization, and in whom a bacterial culture and/or an inflammatory assessment confirmed or suspected infection. Results: During the study period, 1682 newborns were hospitalized, and 86 were hospitalized for a late neonatal bacterial infection, i.e. a frequency of 5.1%. There were 67 (77.9%) community infections and 19 (22.1%) nosocomial infections. The frequency of nosocomial infection was 1.1%. The main signs were fever in 65 cases (75.6%), and respiratory distress in 37 cases (43%). The most frequent localizations were bacteremia 32 (37.2%), pulmonary 21 (24.4%), digestive and meningeal in 11 cases (12.8%) each. The most common germ Klebsiella in 10 (50%) newborns was resistant to the usual antibiotics. The evolution was favorable in 71 cases (82.5%), and death occurred in 12 cases (14%). Conclusion: Late neonatal bacterial infection is common. The main responsible germs are gram-negative bacilli, in particular Klebsiella multi-resistant.

Neonatal Infections, Germs, Antibiotic Resistance

Ngakengni, N. , OponguyN’dzanda, H. , Ngamo, L. , Oko, A. , Ollandzobo, L. , Abessou, L. , Oya, S. , Foueta, M. , Mavoungou, F. , Gnessou, C. and Bowassa, G. (2022) Late Neonatal Bacterial Infection at the Brazzaville Teaching Hospital. Open Journal of Pediatrics, 12, 783-792. doi: 10.4236/ojped.2022.125079.