Author(s)

N’Dah Kouame Justin¹, Tia Weu Melanie², Akpro Sedy Louess De Randorphe¹, Lagou Delphine Amélie³, Toure Ibrahiman¹, Kobenan Atta Anne Rebecca¹, Abouna Alain Didier⁴, Guei Monley Cyr³, Tuo Wonko-Tian Alice¹, Oka Kouamé Hubert¹, Diopo Sery Patrick Olivier⁵, Delma Samuel⁶, Cherif Ibrahima⁷, Traore Moussa⁷, Amekoudi Eyram⁸, Ouattara Belarsi Safiatou⁴, Yao Kouame Hubert⁵, Ackoundou Nguessan Clément³, Adonis Koffi Laurence^9*, Yao Gnangoran Victor¹, Gnionsahie Dazé Apolinaire³, Mohenou Isidore Jean-Marie Diomandé⁴

¹Department of Anatomic Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Bouake, Bouake, Ivory Coast.
²Department of Nephrology, University Teaching Hospital of Bouake, Bouake, Ivory Coast.
³Department of Nephrology, University Teaching Hospital of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
⁴Department of Anatomic Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Cocody, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
⁵Department of Nephrology, University Teaching Hospital of Treichville, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
⁶Department of Nephrology, University Teaching Hospital of Blaise Compaore, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁷Department of Anatomic Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Donka, Conakry, Guinea.
⁸Department of Nephrology, University Teaching Hospital of Sylvanus Olympio, Lome, Togo.
⁹Department of Nephrology, University Teaching Hospital of Treichville, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is characterized histologically by hyalinosis and sclerosis of glomeruli associated or not with podocyte involvement. The objective of our work was to clarify the epidemiological aspects and histological variants of FSGS in Côte d’Ivoire. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study, conducted from January 2015 to December 2019 using the renal biopsy registers (RB) of the Pathological Anatomy and Cytology departments of the Teaching Hospital of Cocody and Bouake in collaboration with the Nephrology Services of Côte d'Ivoire and the sub-region. The biopsies underwent conventional histopathology and/or immunofluorescence techniques. The parameters analyzed were: frequency, age, gender, proteinuria, biopsy indications and histological aspects and the different correlations between histological aspects and socio-demographic characteristics. Results: FSGS represented 58.1% (n = 104) of glomerular nephropathies. The average age of patients was 32.1 ± 13.3 years, with extremes of 13 and 70 years. The sex ratio was equal to 1. Nephrotic syndrome (68.9%), chronic renal failure (14.3%) and acute renal failure (10.1%) were the main indications for renal biopsy (RB). The mean proteinuria at the time of diagnosis was 4 ± 3.7 g/24 h. It was massive (3.5 g/24 h) in 42.3% of patients. FSGS was primary in 29.8% (n = 31) and secondary in 70.2% (n = 73) of patients, of which 27.9% (n = 35) was due to HIV. According to the Columbia classification, 62.5% NOS type was found; 23.1% collapsing type; 7.7% tip lesion type; 4.8% cell type and 1.9% perihilary type. Conclusion: FSGS is a complex heterogeneous entity. It affects young people in our context with a homogeneous gender distribution. Understanding its histogenesis is essential for optimal patient management.

Kidney, Glomerulus, Histology, FSGS, Côte d’Ivoire

Justin, N. , Melanie, T. , De Randorphe, A. , Amélie, L. , Ibrahiman, T. , Rebecca, K. , Didier, A. , Cyr, G. , Alice, T. , Hubert, O. , Olivier, D. , Samuel, D. , Ibrahima, C. , Moussa, T. , Eyram, A. , Safiatou, O. , Hubert, Y. , Clément, A. , Laurence, A. , Victor, Y. , Apolinaire, G. and Jean-Marie Diomandé, M. (2022) Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in Côte d’Ivoire: Epidemiological, Clinical and Pathological Aspects. Open Journal of Pathology, 12, 146-155. doi: 10.4236/ojpathology.2022.124017.