Author(s)

Momar Dioum^1*, Papa Nguirane Ndiaye², Malado Ka¹, Indega D. Bindia¹, Joseph Salvador Mingou³, Serigne C. T. Ndao⁴, Bouna Diack², Mouhamadou C. Mboup⁴, Maboury Diao³

¹Cardiology Department CHU FANN, Dakar, Senegal.
²Hoggy Cardiology Department, Dakar, Senegal.
³Cardiology Department CHU Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal.
⁴Department of Cardiology, Hospital Principal Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.

Introduction: Diabetes is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease worldwide. But few data exist in our developing countries. The objective of this study was to study the particularities of STEMI in diabetic patients in Dakar. Methodology: It was a retrospective, multicenter and descriptive study, carried out over a period of 12 months from 19 September 2019 to 19 September 2020 in four cardiology centers in Dakar. Included was any diabetic patient admitted for STEMI. Data analysis was done with the SPSS (Statistical Package for Sciences Socials) software. Results: A total of 87 diabetic patients were included, for a prevalence of 29.7%. The average age of patients was 60 years. The predominance was male with a sex ratio of 1.1. Diabetes was mostly type 2 (99%) and most patients were on oral antidiabetics (56%). Glycemic imbalance was noted in 24.1% of patients. The associated cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension (51%), dyslipidemia (51%) and physical inactivity (41.4%). Chest pain was typical in 76% of cases. The average time between onset of pain and first medical contact was 47 hours. The electrocardiogram had reached mainly the anterior (25%) and inferior (27%) territories with necrosis Q waves in 37.9% of cases. The coronary angiography was done for 63 patients and found one hundred and twenty-three significant lesions distributed in three-vessel (48%), single-vessel (33%) and two-vessel (14%) disease. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed in 37 patients (42.2%) and thrombolysis in 7 patients. The evolution was favourable in most cases (82%). The reported complications were: 4 cardiogenic shocks, 3 rhythm disorders, 2 conduction disorders and 2 strokes. Four patients had died during hospitalization, for a hospital mortality of 4.59%. Conclusion: STEMI in diabetics are diagnosed with considerable delay in Dakar. The coronary involvement is severe. Their support under optimal. Improving management requires a multidisciplinary approach involving the diabetologist, emergency physician and cardiologist.

Diabetes, STEMI, Dakar

Dioum, M. , Ndiaye, P. , Ka, M. , Bindia, I. , Mingou, J. , Ndao, S. , Diack, B. , Mboup, M. and Diao, M. (2022) ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) in Diabetics Patients in Four Dakar Cardiology Departments. World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases, 12, 390-396. doi: 10.4236/wjcd.2022.127039.