Author(s)

Mohammed M. A. Abdullah Al-Abdaly^1*, Abdullah Mohammed A. Asiri², Ghadeer Mohammed Mohammed Al-Abdaly³, Mohammed Abdullah Ghabri², Moayad Abdullah H. Alqaysi², Abdulmajeed Mohammed S. Aljathnan², Yahya Saleem M. Al Naser², Naser Ali N. Alshahrani²

¹Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA.
²College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA.
³Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Sanaa, Republic of Yemen.

Background: Inflammatory gingival enlargement is a more common clinical feature with orthodontic therapy than other features. Therefore, this study was designed to the evaluation of the influence of fixed orthodontic treatment duration on the severity of inflammatory gingival enlargement (fixed orthodontic induced gingival enlargements) and some properties of saliva. Material and Methods: The sample size comprised 145 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment for at least 6 months aged 13 - 32 years. They were divided according to orthodontic treatment duration into three groups. Group I (n = 47) included the patients who were treated for less than 6 months, group II (n = 51) included the patients who were treated for a period of 6 - 12 months, and group III (n = 47) included the patients who were managed for more than 12 months. Data were obtained from the outpatient clinics, college of dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, and some dental centers in Sana’a city, the Republic of Yemen. This study was conducted from October 2021 G to January 2022 G. Clinical examination was done for plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), and gingival enlargement indexes (GEI). Saliva was collected in sterile test tubes then salivary flow and pH were measured. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS (version 23) and ANOVA test to evaluate the impact of orthodontic treatment duration on the severity of inflammatory gingival enlargement and some properties of saliva. Results: The statistical analysis demonstrated the highest mean plaque index (PLI) was among groups III and I participants whereas, the highest mean gingival index and mean gingival enlargement were among groups II and III participants. The present study revealed an increase in salivary flow with decreased salivary pH values with an increase in orthodontic therapy duration. There were statistically significant differences in clinical findings and salivary flow and pH values were observed in the comparison between groups I, II and III except PLI (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There was a higher inflammatory gingival enlargement associated with a higher plaque index in patients under orthodontic treatment for more than 12 months more than the patients for less than 6 months and the patients for a period of 6 - 12 months. There were correlations between an increase of salivary flow and pH values and an increase of other variables in this study, such as plaque index, gingival index, and gingival enlargement index with an increased orthodontic therapy duration.

Inflammatory Gingival Enlargement, Orthodontic Treatment Duration, Some Salivary Properties

Al-Abdaly, M. , Asiri, A. , Al-Abdaly, G. , Ghabri, M. , Alqaysi, M. , Aljathnan, A. , Al Naser, Y. and Alshahrani, N. (2022) Evaluation of the Influence of Fixed Orthodontic Treatment Duration on the Severity of Inflammatory Gingival Enlargement (Fixed Orthodontic Induced Gingival Enlargements) and Some Properties of Saliva. International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13, 132-146. doi: 10.4236/ijcm.2022.133011.