Expression and Clinical Significance of PIK3CA, c-MET and c-KIT Mutations in Saudi Breast Cancer Patients ()
Affiliation(s)
1Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
2Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
3Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
4Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Objective: PIK3CA is
the most common pathway affected by mutations in breast cancer. PIK3CA/PTEN pathway is under
intense investigation as a possible target for molecular therapy. Dysregulation PIK3CA/PTEN
pathway is a substantial mechanism for the development of resistance to
anti-HER2 therapy. Therefore, we aimed to study the PIK3CA/PTEN in breast cancer
patients in Saudi population. Methods: We applied PTEN
immunohistochemistry on 98 patients. Then, we applied next-generation
sequencing to determine the genetic variations associated with the development
of breast cancer and their correlations with clinicopathological variables. Results: PTEN expression was
significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (LNM), tumor stage,
lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The
prevalence of the PIK3CA mutation was 33.3% of cases and it was significantly associated with LNM, tumor
stage, and with PTEN expression. c-MET mutation was identified in 41.7% of cases and it was associated with tumor
stage and with TNBC, while c-KIT mutation was detected in 20.8%
of cases, and it was significantly associated with TNBC only. Patients with
positive PTEN expression had a significantly better overall survival (OS); on
the contrary, patients with PIK3CA and c-MET had a significantly worse OS. Conclusion: Our study confirms the importance of PIK3CA/PTEN pathway in breast cancer
patients. A high frequency of PIK3CA and c-MET mutations was detected and was associated with poor prognosis.
Both c-MET and c-KIT genes have significant roles in developing
TNBC. These findings should be expanded to a larger group study to improve the
clinical outcomes and individualizing treatment.
Share and Cite:
Nassir, R. , Esheba, G. , Elmoneim, H. , Altowairqi, A. and Nouman, G. (2021) Expression and Clinical Significance of
PIK3CA,
c-MET and
c-KIT Mutations in Saudi Breast Cancer Patients.
Advances in Breast Cancer Research,
10, 60-74. doi:
10.4236/abcr.2021.103005.
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