Genotoxic and Histopathological Effects of Water Pollution on Clarias gariepinus Fish at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt ()
ABSTRACT
Increasing land reclamation in El-Fayoum governorate has led to increase
the amount of drainage water that discharged without prior treatments to two
main drains, El-Wadi and El-Bats drainages loaded by salts and heavy metals.
So, the present investigation aims to evaluate quality of water samples
collected from a branch of the river Nile (El-Lahon canal) and the main drains
(El-Bats and El-Wadi) at Fayoum governorate on some biomarkers of the Nile
catfish; Clarias gariepinus inhabiting the studied degradable aquatic
habitats. Water and nighty fish samples colleted from the different studied
sites of collection by the help of fishermen for physicochemical analyes of
water and fish biochemical analyses and histopathological alteration. Results
revealed highly significant differences at P ≤ 0.01 with the highest water
ammonia, nitrite, heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) and lowest dissolved oxygen
content accompanied by metals bioaccumulation in vital organs of fish collected
from the main drains (El-Bats and El-Wadi) in comparision with that collected
from the studied branch of the river Nile. Higher bioaccumulation of the
studied heavy metals in gills, liver, kidney and muscles of Clarias
gariepinus collected from the main drains significant increase in serum
glucose, liver and kidney functions, disturbance in protein profile of fish
collected from the studied main drains than that of fish collected from the
river Nile branch, El-Lahon that showed more or less normal values. Moreover,
histopathological alterations in gills, liver, kidneys and clear DNA strand
breaks in fish liver cells increased statistically in Clarias gariepinus collected
from El-Fayoum
drainage canals. Generally, the results highlights on the importance of taking
action through the responsible authorities towards quality of the drainage water that fed fish farms by law that
could play a role as a main source of protein for human beings.
Share and Cite:
Zaghloul, K. , Mohamed, H. , Abdullatef, A. and Khalil, M. (2020) Genotoxic and Histopathological Effects of Water Pollution on
Clarias gariepinus Fish at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt.
Natural Resources,
11, 499-519. doi:
10.4236/nr.2020.1111029.