Author(s)

Kasim Salihu Izebe^1,2*, Kolo Ibrahim¹, Josiah Ademola Onaolapo², Peters Oladosu¹, Yakubu Ya’aba¹, Moses Njoku¹, Mohammed Busu Shehu¹, Mercy Ezeunala¹, Yakubu Kokori Ibrahim²

¹Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development Abuja, Nigeria.
²Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu University Zaria, Nigeria.

The management, control and elimination of tuberculosis (TB) have been difficult with the advent of HIV and cases of multidrug resistant (MDR-TB) tuberculosis. The cases of multidrug resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid pose greater challenges on first line and second line drugs to eliminate TB. The study is aimed at establishing anti-tuberculosis activity of Tetrapleura tetraptera against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and MDR-TB and the phytochemical present. The leaves of Tetrapleura tetraptera were collected, weighed, dried and pulverized to powder. The pulverized leaves of Tetrapleura tetraptera were subjected to 70% methanol extraction and screened for phytochemical. The crude extract was further purified into fractions using silica gel and thin layer chromatography techniques. M. tuberculosis and MDR-TB were obtained from positive acid fast bacilli sputa of TB patients and confirmed using GeneXpert to differentiate genotypic drug susceptible M. tuberculosis and MDR-TB. The sputa were digested using sodium hydroxide-cysteine technique and cultured in Middlebrook 7H9. The crude extract and fractions were screened for anti-tuberculosis activity using tetrazolium microtitre plate assay. The results showed that Tetrapleura tetraptera crude had activities against M. tuberculosis at 7.4 ± 0 mg/ml and 27.5 ± 0 mg/ml for MDR-TB. One of the fractions inhibited the growth of M. tuberculosis at 0.24 ± 0 mg/ml and MDR-TB at 0.89 ± 0 mg/ml. The phytochemical screened includes tannins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols and resins. T. tetraptra possesses anti-tuberculosis potential at low concentration on MDR-TB and can be a lead compound in drug development for the treatment of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis.

Anti-Tuberculosis, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Tetrazolium Assay, Tuberculosis, Phyto-Chemical, MDR-TB

Izebe, K. , Ibrahim, K. , Onaolapo, J. , Oladosu, P. , Ya’aba, Y. , Njoku, M. , Shehu, M. , Ezeunala, M. and Ibrahim, Y. (2020) Evaluation of In-Vitro Anti-Tuberculosis Activity of Tetrapleura tetraptera Crude and Fractions on Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Journal of Tuberculosis Research, 8, 165-176. doi: 10.4236/jtr.2020.83015.