Author(s)

Lucie Charlotte Ollandzobo Ikobo^1,2*, Roland Bienvenu Ossibi Ibara^1,3, Neli Yvette Ngakengni^1,4, Laren Babomi¹, Gaston Ekouya Bowassa^1,4, Linda Tchidjo Ngamo¹, Steve Vassili Missambou Mandilou², Sabrina Nadia Bouithy⁵, Evrard Romaric Nika², Jean Robert Mabiala Babela^1,2

¹Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
²Pediatric Services, Brazzaville University Hospital, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
³Infectious Diseases Service, Brazzaville University Hospital, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
⁴Department of Neonatology, Brazzaville University Hospital, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
⁵Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Talangai Hospital, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of proteinuria in children living with HIV (CLHIV) and identify associated factors. Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out from April to August 2017 in the HIV care centres in Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire. The study included CLHIV with dipstick urinalysis test “Combur¹⁰ Test^® M”. Results: Thirty seven CLHIV on HAART presented a proteinuria, 21.8%. Children were male gender in 21 cases (56.8%) and female gender in 16 cases (43.2%). Mean age was 10.9 ± 3.9 years. The children were infected with type 1 virus in 35 cases (94.6%), vertical transmission in all the cases (100%). Children were living with HIV for about 2 to 4 years of average n = 18 (48.6%) and they were WHO clinical stage 2 in 18 cases (48.6%). 13 children (35%) had CD4 level < 200 cells/mm³. All CLHIV (100%) were on HAART thus 20 (37.7%) on the combination of zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC) and nevirapine (NVP). This combination AZT, 3TC, NVP was a protective factor regarding the occurrence of proteinuria (OR: 0.43; IC (95%). Conclusion: Proteinuria is less observed in CLHIV on HAART. Systematic screening and early management of proteinuria during follow-up of these children improve their survival.

Children, HIV, HAART, Associated Factors, Proteinuria

Ikobo, L. , Ibara, R. , Ngakengni, N. , Babomi, L. , Bowassa, G. , Ngamo, L. , Mandilou, S. , Bouithy, S. , Nika, E. and Babela, J. (2020) Proteinuria in Children Living with HIV on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (Haart). Open Journal of Pediatrics, 10, 255-262. doi: 10.4236/ojped.2020.102026.