Author(s)

Ilia Brondz¹, Boris Sedunov², Nagarajan Sivaraman³

¹Norwegian Drug Control and Drug Discovery Institute (NDCDDI) AS, Ski, Norway.
²The Computer and Information Systems Department of the Russian New University, Moscow, Russia.
³Fuel Chemistry Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, India.

It is important to understand the mechanism and implications of different modifiers on analytical and preparative processes under chromatography with supercritical fluids (SF_s) and under extraction with SF_s. Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and supercritical fluid extraction are generally carried out with neat supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) or with SCCO₂ containing modifiers (or cosolvents), especially for strongly polar compounds. For example, methanol is added as a cosolvent/modifier to SCCO₂ for the extraction/separation of polar compounds. This paper discusses the influence of the modifier on the colligative properties of the principal mobile phase, which may define the situation in the total mobile phase in a chromatography column or in parts of a column under SFC. No colligative behavior of solutions reflects individual properties of the solutes. Their cross-interactions with solvents are discussed.

Supercritical Fluid (SF), Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC), Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE), Modifiers, Influence of Modifiers, Colligative Properties, Thermodynamics-Based Evaluation of Binary Mixtures, Phase Equilibria

Brondz, I. , Sedunov, B. and Sivaraman, N. (2017) Influence of Modifiers on Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC) and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE), Part I. International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography, 5, 17-39. doi: 10.4236/ijamsc.2017.52002.