Author(s)

Naser Mostaghel

Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, USA.

Assuming a flat universe expanding under a constant pressure and combining the first and the second Friedmann equations, a new equation, describing the evolution of the scale factor, is derived. The equation is a general kinematic equation. It includes all the ingredients composing the universe. An exact closed form solution for this equation is presented. The solution shows remarkable agreement with available observational data for redshifts from a low of z = 0.0152 to as high as z = 8.68. As such, this solution provides an alternative way of describing the expansion of space without involving the controversial dark energy.

Cosmological Constant, Distances and Redshifts, Expanding Universe, Friedmann Equations

Mostaghel, N. (2016) A New Solution for the Friedmann Equations. International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 6, 122-134. doi: 10.4236/ijaa.2016.61010.