Author(s)

Coulibaly Gérard^1*, Savadogo Hamidou², Bakoné B. Evariste², Karambiri Adama Roger¹, Kouéta Fla², Hien Kpienoba Manan¹, Champion Gérard³, Lengani Adama¹, Yé Diarra²

¹Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis, University Hospital Center Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
²Department of Medical Pediatrics, Pediatrics University Hospital Center Charles De-Gaulle, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
³Pediatrics Nephrology Service, Pediatrics Federation, CHU, Angers Cedex, France.

Objective: Renal failure (RF) is a serious condition that is still insufficiently evaluated in our context. We wanted to know its epidemiology at the Pediatrics University Hospital Center Charles De-Gaulle (PUHC-CDG) of Ouagadougou. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively studied all children aged from three to fifteen years old who were diagnosed with renal failure (RF) in the Department of Medical Pediatrics, from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013. RF was defined by a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 80 mL/min/1.73m², estimated by the formula of Pottel et al., which ignored the size that was rarely found in the medical records. The department constantly lacked pediatric blood pressure monitors or urinary strips. Results: In total, 119 cases of RF (3.3% of all admissions) were collected. They were about acute RFs (ARFs), chronic RFs (CRFs), and Unclassified RFs (URFs), respectively in 28.6%, 2.5% and 68.9% of cases. The overall average age of patients was 6.7 ± 3.4 years old. The average GFR was 35.2 ± 22.2 mL/min/1.73m². The mechanism of ARF was presumed to be organic in 26 cases (76.5%). The most common presumed etiology was malaria (47.9%). Twelve patients (10.1%) died. Conclusion: RF was common at the PUHC-CDG but it was unclassified in over half of the cases. The diagnosis was based on the estimation of the GFR by Pottel et al.’s formula which was a good alternative to the Schwartz’s formula. The improvement of human and material resources would certainly help for a screening and characterization of RF at the PUHC-CDG.

Burkina Faso, Epidemiology, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Pediatrics, Renal Failure

Gérard, C. , Hamidou, S. , Evariste, B. , Roger, K. , Fla, K. , Manan, H. , Gérard, C. , Adama, L. and Diarra, Y. (2016) Epidemiology of Renal Failure in Children at the Pediatric University Hospital Charles De-Gaulle of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Open Journal of Pediatrics, 6, 141-148. doi: 10.4236/ojped.2016.61021.