ABSTRACT
Late-cycle diseases (LCD) cause a significant deterioration in quality and reduce yields in soybean
crops. In Argentina, in particular, leaf blight and purple seed stain, caused by the agent Cercospora
kikuchii, and frog eye spot, caused by C. sojina, are the prevailing sources of diseases. The early,
rapid and accurate detection of these phytopathogens becomes essential, and would contribute to
preserving both the environment and the health of humans and animals by preventing the wasteful
or improper use of chemicals such as pesticides. In order to detect Cercospora species in soybean
plants at an early stage, immunochemical and molecular techniques were developed in this
work. Strains from the NITE Biological Resource Center collection (Japan): Cercospora kikuchii
NBRC 6711 and Cercospora sojina NBRC 6715 and regional isolates of C. kikuchii were used. To
develop Dot-Blot and PCR techniques, experiments with plants undergoing different treatments
were carried out: those experimentally inoculated with these fungi, those treated with sterile water
and healthy plants as well. Both techniques allowed the detection, at early stages, of Cercospora
species involved in two of the most frequent LCD in the country, when the cercosporin concentration
produced by the fungus was higher than 3.93 ± 0.39 nmol·cyl-1 ±SD. The sensitivity between
both techniques was very different. While Dot-Blot allowed the detection of the disease 4
days after inoculation, PCR detected it after 4 hours, even without visible symptoms of the disease.