Alterations in Antioxidant Vitamins in Bronchial Asthma and Its Correlation with Spirometry

Syed Hafeezul Hassan, Iftikhar Ahmad, Rubina Ghani, Muhammed Sarwar

Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan; 2Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.

DOI: 10.4236/pp.2013.42019                

Abstract

Bronchial asthma may result in oxidant/antioxidant imbalance. Antioxidant vitamins E and C concentrations were estimated in plasma of asthmatics that were also simultaneously subjected to spirometry and matched with healthy controls showing significant changes in both the vitamin concentrations. Vitamin C showed strong correlation whereas vitamin E was not correlated with spirometry.

Keywords

Vitamins E and C; Bronchial Asthma; Spirometry

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	I. S. Young and J. V. Woodside, “Antioxidants in Health and Disease,” Journal of Clinical Pathology, Vol. 54, No. 3, 2001, pp. 176-186. doi:10.1136/jcp.54.3.176
[2]	M. N. Chatterjea and R. Shinde, “Vitamins, Text Book of Biochemistry,” Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, New Dehli, 2005, p. 144.
[3]	G. W. Burton and K. U. Ingold, “Vitamin E: Applications of the Principles of Physical Organic Chemistry to the Exploration of Its Structure and Function,” Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 19, 1986, pp. 194-201.
[4]	H. Esterbauer, R. J. Schaur and H. Zollner, “Chemistry and Biochemistry of 4-Droxnonenal, Malonaldehyde and Related Aldehydes,” Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Vol. 11, No. 1, 1991, pp. 81-128. doi:10.1016/0891-5849(91)90192-6
[5]	M. H. Horwitt, “Data Supporting Supplementation of Humans with Vitamin E,” The Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 121, No. 3, 1991, pp. 424-429.
[6]	E. S. West, W. R. Todd, H. S. Mason and J. T. Van Bruggen, “The Vitamins. Text Book of Biochemistry,” The Macmillan Company, London, 1984, p. 764.
[7]	S. Urano, Y. Inomori and T. Sugawara, et al., “Vitamin-E—Inhibition of Retinol-Induced Hemolysis and Membrane Stabilizing Behavior,” Journal of Biological, Vol. 267, 1992, pp. 18365-18370.
[8]	P. Gyorgy, C. Cogan and C. S. Rose, “Vitamin E and Prevention of Hemolysis,” Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, Vol. 81, 1952, p. 536.
[9]	M. Levine, S. C. Rumsey and R. Daruwala, “Criteria and Recommendations for Vitamin C Intake,” Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 281, No. 15, 1999, pp. 1415-1423. doi:10.1001/jama.281.15.1415
[10]	P S. ietri, J. R. Seguin and P. Darbigny, “Ascorbyl Freeradical, a Noninvasive Marker of Oxidative Stress in Human Open Heart Surgery,” Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Vol. 16, No. 4, 1994, pp. 523-528. doi:10.1016/0891-5849(94)90131-7
[11]	R. J. Troisi, W. C. Willett, S. T. Weiss, D. Trichopoulos, B. Rosner and F. E. Speizer, “A Prospective Study of Diet and Adult Onset Asthma,” American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Vol. 151, 1995, pp. 1401-1408.
[12]	W. I. Aderele, S. I. Etle and O. Oduwole, “Plasma Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Levels in Asthmatic Child,” African Journal of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Vol. 14, No. 3-4, 1985, pp. 115-120.
[13]	F. Chtil, “The Lungs and Vitamin A,” American Journal of Physiology, Vol. 262, No. 5, 1992, pp. 262-265.
[14]	I. Boldogh, A. Bacsi, N. Dharajiva, B. Choudhury, T. Hazra, S. Mitra, R. Goldblum, S. Sur and Alam, “Discovery that Oxidative Stress from Pollen Is as Important as Antigen Exposure Could Lead to New Therapies,” American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 162, 2005, pp. 1137-1145.
[15]	A. Sommer, “Vitamin A Deficiency and Clinical Disease: An Historical Overview,” The Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 138, No. 10, 2008, pp. 1835-1839.
[16]	J. Thompson and M. Manore, “Nutrients Involved in Antioxidant Function, Nutrition, an Applied Approach,” Pearson Education Inc. Publishers, Upper Saddle River, 2005, pp. 276-283.
[17]	I. Hanta, S. Kuleci, N. Canacankatan and A. Kocabas, “The Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance in Mild Asthmatic Patients,” Lung, Vol. 181, No. 6, 2003, pp. 347-352. doi:10.1007/s00408-003-1037-7
[18]	G. Riccioni, M. Barbara, T. Bucciarelli, C. Di Ilio and N. D’Orazio, “Antioxidant Vitamin Supplementation in Asthma,” Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science, Vol. 37, No. 1, 2007, pp. 96-101.
[19]	R. I. Harik-Khan, D. C. Muller and R. A Wise, “Serum Vitamin Levels and the Risk of Asthma in Children,” American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 159, No. 4, 2004, pp. 351-357. doi:10.1093/aje/kwh053
[20]	Eric and Coworkers, “Global Initiative for Asthma Gina Executive Committee, Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention,” 2009. www.ginasthma.org
[21]	D. R. Taylor, L. P. Bateman, H. Boulet, et al., “A New Perspective on Asthma Severity and Control,” European Respiratory Journal, Vol. 32, No. 3, 2008, pp. 545-554. doi:10.1183/09031936.00155307
[22]	K. J. Killan, R. Waston, J. Otis, T. A. St Amand, P. M. O’Byrne, “Symptom Perception during Acute Broncho- constriction,” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 162, 2000, pp. 4902-4906.
[23]	P. J. Barnes and S. Godfrey, “Asthma,” Martin Dunitz Ltd., London, 1995, pp. 14-22.
[24]	J. E. Cotes, “Lung Function—Assessment and Application in Medicine,” 5th Edition, Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publication, London, Edinburgh, Paris, Berlin, Melbourne, Boston, Vienna, 1994, pp. 134-150.
[25]	American Thoracic Society, “Standardization of Spirometry: 1994 Update,” American Journal of Respiratory and Disease, Vol. 152, 1995, pp. 1107-1136.
[26]	Baker and Frank, “Varley Harold Practical Clinical Biochemistry,” Heinemann Medical Books, 6th Edition, London, 1990.
[27]	Harris and Ray, “Varley Harold Practical Clinical Biochemistry,” Heinemann Medical Books, 6th edition, London, 1990.
[28]	R. I. Harik-Khan, D. C. Muller and R. A. Wise, “Serum Vitamin Levels and the Risk of Asthma in Children,” American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 159, No. 4, 2004, pp. 351-357. doi:10.1093/aje/kwh053
[29]	C. Caye-Vaugien, M. Krempf, P. Lamarche, B. Charbonnel and J. Pieri, “Determination of Alpha-Tocopherol in Plasma, Platelets and Erythrocytes of Type I and Type II Patients by HPLC,” International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, Vol. 60, 1990, pp. 324-330.
[30]	M. R. Weir, “Depression of Vitamin B6 Levels Due to Theophylline,” Annals of Allergy, Vol. 65, No. 1, 1990, pp. 59-62.
[31]	P. I. Collipp, “Tryptophane Metabolism in Bronchial Asthma,” Annals of Allergy, Vol. 35, No. 3, 1975, pp. 153-158.
[32]	H. M. Oberholzer and E. Pretorius, “The Role of Vitamins and Minerals in the Alleviation of Asthma Symptoms,” Early Child Development and Care, Vol. 180, No. 7, 2010, pp. 913-920. doi:10.1080/03004430802525047
[33]	J. Suh, B. Z. Zhu and B. Frei, “Anti- and Pro-Oxidant Effects of Ascorbate on Iron-Mediated Oxidative Damage to Bovine Serum Albumin,” Free Radical Biology & Medicine, Vol. 27, 1999, p. 305s.
[34]	J. M. May, Z. C. Qu and S. Mendiratta, “Protection and Recycling of Alpha-Tocopherol in Human Erythrocytes by Intracellular Ascorbic Acid,” Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vol. 349, No. 2, 1998, pp. 281-289. doi:10.1006/abbi.1997.0473