Center-Based Child Extended Care: Implications for Young Children’s Development in a Five-Year Follow-Up

Tokie Anme, Emiko Tanaka, Ryoji Shinohara, Yuka Sugisawa, Taeko Watanabe, Etsuko Tomisaki, Uma A. Segal

University of Missouri, St. Louis, USA.
University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

DOI: 10.4236/sm.2012.24056                

Abstract

Effects of early extended child care on children’s functioning from age one year through the end of year six were examined in the Japan Child Care Cohort Study. This longitudinal project sought to assess the developmental and adaptation effects on children. Parents completed a survey on the childrearing environment at home, their feelings of self-efficacy, and the available support for childcare. Childcare professionals evaluated the development of children. The results, using a panel cohort method, indicated that although parenting was a stronger and more consistent predictor of children’s development than was the early extended child-care experience, support from the spouse predicted higher vocabulary development.

Keywords

Extended Child Care; Child Development; Child Rearing Environment; Self-Efficacy

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Anme, T. (1995). Risk assessment using evaluation of environmental stimulation in Japan. National Roundtable on Child Protective Services Risk Assessment, 9, 37-47.
[2]	Anme, T., & Uma, S. (2010). Effectiveness of Japan’s extended/night child care: A five-year follow up. Procedia Social and Behavioural Sciences, 2, 5573-5580. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.909
[3]	Anme, T., & Takayama, T. (1990). Evaluation of home stimulation for normal and handicapped children in Japan. In T. Takayama (Ed.), Early Childhood Toward the 21st Century (pp. 427-430). Hong Kong: Yew Chung Education Publishing Company.
[4]	Bacharach, V. R., & Baumeister, A. A. (2003). Child care and severe externalizing behavior in kindergarten children. Applied Developmental Psychology, 23, 527-537. doi:10.1016/S0193-3973(02)00140-5
[5]	Belsky, J. (1988). The “effects” of infant day care reconsidered. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 3, 235-272. doi:10.1016/0885-2006(88)90003-8
[6]	Belsky, J. (2001). Developmental risks (still) associated with early child care. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 845-859. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00782
[7]	Blau, D. (1999). The effects of child care characteristics on child development. Journal of Human Resources, 34, 786-822. doi:10.2307/146417
[8]	Borge, A. I., Rutter, M., Cote, S., & Tremblay, R. E. (2004). Early childcare and physical aggression: Differentiating social selection from social causation. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 367-376. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00227.x
[9]	Broberg, A. G., Wessels, H., Lamb, M. E., & Hwang, C. P. (1997). Effects of day care on the development of cognitive abilities in 8-year-old: A longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology, 33, 62-69. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.33.1.62
[10]	Burchinal, M. R., Roberts, J. E., Riggins, R., Zeisel, S., Neebe, E., & Bryant, M. (2000). Relating quality of center child care to early cognitive and language development longitudinally. Child Development, 71, 339-357. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00149
[11]	Caldwell, B. M., & Bradley, R. H. (1984). Home observation for measurement of the environment. Little Rock: University of Arkansas at Little Rock.
[12]	Campbell, F. A., Pungello, E. P., Miller-Johnson, S., Burchinal, M. R., & Ramey, C. (2001). The development of cognitive and academic abilities: Growth curves from an early intervention educational experiment. Developmental Psychology, 37, 231-242. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.37.2.231
[13]	Clarke-Stewart, K. A. (1989). Infant day care: Maligned or malignant? American Psychologist, 44, 266-273. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.44.2.266
[14]	Colwell, M., Pettit, G., Meece, D., Bates, J. E., & Dodge, K. A. (2001). Cumulative risk and continuity in nonparental care from infancy to early adolescence. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 47, 207-234. doi:10.1353/mpq.2001.0009
[15]	Deater-Deckard, K. A., Pinkerton, R., & Scarr, S. (1996). Child care quality and children’s behavioral adjustment: A four-year longitudinal study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 937-948. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01491.x
[16]	Egeland, B., & Hiester, M. (1995). The long-term consequences of infant day-care and mother-infant attachment. Child Development, 66, 474-485. doi:10.2307/1131591
[17]	Greenspan, S. I. (2003). Child care research: A clinical perspective. Child Development, 74, 1064-1068. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00591
[18]	Jaffee, S. R., Hulle, C. V., & Rodgers, J. L.(2011). Effects of nonmaternal care in the first 3 years on children’s academic skills and behavioral functioning in childhood and early adolescence: A sibling comparison study. Child Development, 82, 1076-1091. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01611.x
[19]	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (2011). Fact sheet of child care 2011. http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/org/pamphlet/dl/pamphlet-about_mhlw.pdf#page=24
[20]	Peisner-Feinberg, E., & Burchinal, M. (1997). Concurrent relations between child care quality and child outcomes: The study of cost, quality and outcomes in child care centers. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 43, 451-477.
[21]	Tumori, S. (1974). Developmental evaluation. Kyusu: Kyusu Daigaku Syuppan.
[22]	Vandell, D. L., Henderson, V. K., & Wilson, K. S. (1988). A longitudinal study of children with day-care experiences of varying quality. Child Development, 59, 1286-1292. doi:10.2307/1130491