Author(s)

Kohske Ogata

Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, Japan.

Factor analyses of intelligence tests have been conducted with diverse clinical populations. Factor structures of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-fourth Edition (WISC-IV) in children with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) and intellectual disability (ID) were compared to the Japanese norm by using a simulated group. Measurement invariance among simulated, borderline and disability groups was tested by multi-group analyses through structural equation modeling for manual-depended four-factor model. Results indicated that the metric invariance model was supported among the three groups. The correlation coefficients between the four index scores suggested that BIF could be partially explained as resulting from inhibiting and restraining effects among broad abilities when responding to each subtest of intelligence tests. This degrading effect might lower IQ in children having certain clinical problems. On the other hand, ID could be partially understood as a brain impairment consisting of unrelated and isolated activation of broad ability areas. It is concluded that there are differences in factor structures and mechanisms of BIF and ID.

Intelligence, WISC-IV, Borderline Intellectual Functioning, Simulation, Measurement Invariance

Ogata, K. (2019) WISC-IV Factor Structures of Japanese Children with Borderline, or Deficient Intellectual Abilities: Testing Measurement Invariance Compared to Simulated Norm. Psychology, 10, 767-776. doi: 10.4236/psych.2019.106050.