In the purpose of studing the pathogenetic features of the pathological process there were investigated cytokine levels with proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity, and also the indicators of endothelial dysfunction in blood serum women with moderate and severe preeclampsia. There were found high concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, and vascular endothelial adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), which correlated with the severity of the process. Also a significant decrease in concentrations TGF-β2 and IL-10 insevere preeclampsia was indicated, which may testify the exhaustion of adaptive mechanisms and, apparently, can be an additional diagnostic criterion for the prediction and assessment of the severity of the pathological process.