A Practical Target Tracking Technique in Sensor Network Using Clustering Algorithm

Luke K. Wang, Chien-Chang Wu

Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Chinese Taipei.

DOI: 10.4236/wsn.2012.411038                

Abstract

Sensor network basically has many intrinsic limitations such as energy consumption, sensor coverage and connectivity, and sensor processing capability. Tracking a moving target in clusters of sensor network online with less complexity algorithm and computational burden is our ultimate goal. Particle filtering (PF) technique, augmenting handoff and K-means classification of measurement data, is proposed to tackle the tracking mission in a sensor network. The handoff decision, an alternative to multi-hop transmission, is implemented for switching between clusters of sensor nodes through received signal strength indication (RSSI) measurements. The measurements being used in particle filter processing are RSSI and time of arrival (TOA). While non-line-of-sight (NLOS) is the dominant bias in tracking estimation/accuracy, it can be easily resolved simply by incorporating K-means classification method in PF processing without any priori identification of LOS/NLOS. Simulation using clusters of sensor nodes in a sensor network is conducted. The dependency of tracking performance with computational cost versus number of particles used in PF processing is also investigated.

Keywords

Sensor Network; Handoff Scheme; Particle Filter; K-means Clustering; NLOS

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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