F. TALEBI ET AL.
314
Table 1. Performance summery and comparison of pro-
posed frequency sy nthe sizer with other ZigBee synthesizers.
This work [17] [18] [19]
Frequency
(GHz) 2.4 - 2.48 2.4 - 2.48 5 2.4 - 2.48
Technology
(μm) 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18
Supply voltage
(volts) 1.8 1.2 1.8 1.8
VCO type Ring LC LC LC
Settling time
(μs) 28 500 - 25
Phase noise
(dBc/Hz)
−116.3@
3.5 MHz
−118.3@
10 MHz
−112
@1 MHz
−135
@3 MHz
−108.55
@1 MHz
Spur rejection
(dB)
−54@5 MHz
−62.4@10 MHz
−60
@5 MHz
−64
@2 MHz
−40.84
@5 MHz
Power
consumption
(mW)
7.5 3.5 19.8 7.95
has small dimension, is low cost, and is scaled with
technology and has lower tolerance in fabrication, due to
the lack of inductor.
8. Conclusion
In this paper we proposed a low power low phase noise
ring-VCO based frequency synthesizer with injection
locking technique for reducing phase noise. The output
phase noise at 3.5 and 10 MHz offsets is −116 and −118
dBc/Hz, respectively and the complete frequency synthe-
sizer has 7.5 mW power consumption. This circuit was
simulated in ADS and its behavior was examined at
technology corners. The simulations show that the circuit
satisfies the ZigBee specifications.
9. Acknowledgements
The authors are willing to thank Research Institute of
Information and Communications Technology for finan-
cial support of this research.
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