Research On Construction Traffic Safety Measures Based
On FAHP Model In Hydropower Project
YANG Xiao-yan1 ,XIE Xin-sheng2*, NIU Ya-ping3, ZHU Xiao-long4,DENG Chang-qi5
1Master of Hydraulic engineering management, SiChuan University, China
2Vice Professor of Hydraulic structure and Hydraulic engineering management, SiChuan University,China
3Staff of WanHua Real Estate Agency, SiChuan,China.
4,5Master of Hydraulic structure, SiChuan university, Chengdu , SiChuan, China
Emails: 1
[e-mail] ; [e-mail]
AbstractüWith the rapid expansion of hydropower projects, Construction safety problem has become one of the bottlenecks for the devel-
opment of hydropower industry. Combined with the construction of the diversion channel project of Guan Yinyan hydropower station, from the
point of view of construction traffic safety, based on the result of the FAHP model, factors which influence the construction safety of the diver-
sion channel project of Guan Yinyan hydropower station have been found, relative measures focuses on the approach to eliminate hazards and
guarantee construction safety have been elaborated.
Keywordsüconstruction safety measures ;FAHP model; safety evaluation ; Guan Yinyan hydropower station; diversion channel project
1. Engineering Situation
GuanYinyan hydropower [1] station (the project) is located
at the middle reach of the Jin Shajiang river, the juncture of
Sichuan and Yun’nan province. It is one of the 8 cascade hy-
dropower stations under national planning at the middle
reach of Jin Shajiang river. The diversion channel project of
GuanYinyan hydropower station is the prophase works, the
planed excavated volume or freight volume is about 7.8million
m3, the highest daily traffic volume reaches 4558.The project
is with the characteristics of complicated construction proce-
dures, tight construction period, high construction intensity,
large scale, unfavorable construction conditions and geologi-
cal conditions, meanwhile, the construction road condition is
complicated and many large mechanical are involved in the
project. Therefor, evaluating the safety of the project, based on
which, taking corresponding measures to solve problems on
construction traffic safety, is of vital importance.
2. Construction Traffic Safety Evaluation Mo
del based on The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy
Process (FAHP)
According to the engineering condition, factors that influ-
ence construction safety have been analysed. An construction
traffic safety evaluation model possessing 5 first grade index-
es (management factors, site technician factors, mechanical
factors, material factors, construction road factors and natural
environment factors, put these factors as^1 Aǃ2 Aǃ3 Aǃ4 Aǃ
5
Aǃ6 A` and 24 second grade indexes are established.
Adopting expert evaluation method to build judgments matrix,
calculating the maximized eigenvalue and eigenvector of each
matrix, after normalization processing, we put the eigenvec-
tors which meet the demand of consistence as the weight value
of each influencing factor. Using the methods of fuzzy math-
ematics, comprehensive evaluation on construction traffic
safety of the project has been obtained. Based on the estab-
lished evaluation criterion, the influence degree of each factor
can be got, according to references [2] ,here are the results: By
adopting formula:
)6,5,4,3,2,1(
4
1
¦ ipfW
j
ijiji ,we get˖W1=3.627˗
W2=3.335˗W3=3.854˗W4=3.792˗W5=3.547˗W6=3.236ˈ
˄W1ǃW2ǃW3ǃW4 ǃW5ǃW6 are the comprehensive
evaluation value of 1
A
ǃ2
Aǃ3 Aǃ4 Aǃ5 Aǃ6 A˅.Using
Open Journal of Applied Sciences
Supplement：2012 world Congress on Engineering and Technology
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formula: ¦
4
1i
ii PWW
, W=3.586.The defined safety degree [3]
ę (W(0,1]” very dangerous”, Wę],”relatively danger-
ous”,Wę(2,4]” with hidden trouble in safety” Wę(4,5]ā
safe” ),the evaluation result is “with hidden trouble in safety”.
In order to reach the preconcerted safety plan, measures to
improve safety should be taken.
According to the results of weights value calculation,
among all the first grade influencing factors, the weights value
of the management factor is the largest. Namely, the manage-
ment factor is the most influential .Road factor ranks the se-
cond, then, site technician factors, mechanical factors, material
factors and natural environment factors.
3. Measures to Improve Construction Traffic
Safety Based on Evaluation Model
A. Improvement on management
The current security system was revised by the construc-
tion unit after the safety evaluation,” emergency plan on seri-
ous traffic accident” was made, rules and regulations im-
proved, including: rewards and punishment system; education
system on safety production; examination system on safety
production[4].
Meanwhile, the safety responsibility was redefined and
reassigned, a multi-level and cross functional steering safety
assurance system was built, personnel including the director
general of construction bureau, the chief engineer, leaders of
all construction departments and workers from construction
teams and groups. Each member’s security responsibility was
made clear. system diagram on safety responsibility (Fig. 1) is
shown. In addition, the project department of the construction
unit urged the unified management of contract workers who
belongs to the subcontract unit. In this way the safety guaran-
tee system was strengthened. One full-time safety director was
set for each construction team, one part-time safety director
for each construction group, all the safety directors were under
the supervision and guide of the safety management depart-
ment. A three-level supervisory system was built, comprising
the safety management department of the construction bureau,
full-time safety directors of the construction team and
part-time safety directors of construction group.
Figure1 System Diagram On Safety Responsibility
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B. Safety management Optimization on construction Road
1 ˅ Improvement on road quality and grade.
The grade of construction roads built at the beginning
was low, (mainly grade 4), quality of the pavement was rela-
tively poor (mainly cement-bound roads), according to the
safety evaluation, the quality of current construction roads
could not meet the standard of safety. So, construction roads
were widened and improved, the width of the roads reached
10 meters, 95% of the pavement were hardened, whose grade
reached 3.
2
˅ Measures to improve construction road Safety manage-
ment
Management confusion and unqualified construction
road conditions revealed by the evaluation model, which
arosed extensive attention of the construction unit. Corre-
sponding approaches had been taken, involving such elements
as:
a) Improvement on HV line
In order to prevent erroneous operations of construction
vehicles, or accidents such as vehicles hung or dragged by
high voltage line, the construction unit adjusted the height of
the HV lines-- the terrain clearance reached 12m(higher than
the requirements on high voltage safety in construction
site).Which, largely reduced similar accidents occurred in
other construction sites.
b) Crossroad Traffic control
The construction road lead to Da Wanzi slag yard was the
main lane, while, road to Guan Yinyan project department was
the secondary lane. The intersection of the two roads were the
main crossroad of the project, which was with large vehicle
flow. Vehicles passing the main lane were mainly luck slag
cars, the highest daily traffic volume reached 4558, while the
slag transportation quantity 1.35 million m3 / day. Logistics
vehicles and other local vehicles mainly used the secondary
lane, whose volume was random. In order to maintain the
traffic order, on the one hand, the construction unit took
measures to control and regulate the traffic .on the other hand,
restrict vehicles passing, set motor-driven warding off car and
safety supervision staffs at the exit and entrance of the sec-
ondary lane. Measures such as limiting interval restrict vehi-
cles flow, vehicle speed control, closing over wide crossroads,
implementing the one way passing method, good results have
been witnessed.
c) Removable temporary security protection facilities
Considering part of the construction road in excavation
areas were narrow, slope steep turn was urgent, permanent
protection facilities were still being built, the project depart-
ment used the prefabricated temporary removable crashwor-
thy concrete pier to deal with the safety problem. When using,
the concrete piers were hoisted to the road side which need
temporary security protection by mobile crane, when the road
conditions improved, the concrete piers were transported to
designated place to store, when needed, they can be used
again. The measure, economical and practical, the problem of
vehicle sliding off the road was well tackled.
C. Education and Management on site construction staffs
1) Strengthen safety training and safety education[
 ]
All staffs of different levels shall have the necessary pro-
fessional knowledge, post knowledge and skills, master
needed operation procedures, to ensure that all projects are
assigned qualified personnel. Safety education programs have
been created, Including: (1) consciousness safety education (2)
labor regulation education (3) safety knowledge (4) education
on professional safety technology (5) education on case of
emergency
2) Increase staffs’ initiative of safety consciousness
It’s necessary for the construction enterprise to focus on
people oriented management strategy, to form its unique cor-
porate culture. So that workers will realize he is an indispen-
sable member of the enterprise, a master of safety manage-
ment. On the one hand, Enterprise should pay attention to
staff’s life quality, improve their accommodation conditions,
to create a favorable environment for staffs. In such circum-
stance, workers will enjoy stable and peaceful mood, their
initiative will be given full play, the ability to deal with emer-
gencies will be improved. which, will promote the overall
safety management. On the other hand, the project department
attached great importance to implementation evaluation, to
ensure the effect of security management.
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D. Other improvements.
According to the safety evaluation model, the project de-
partment has also taken corresponding measures regarding
mechanical factors, material factors and natural environment
factors. Approaches involves such elements as mechanical
maintenance and daily inspection system, for materials, put-
ting forward planned procurement, quantitative distribution,
reasonable reserve to ensure safety production, cost saving
and unified management. Emergency measures on construc-
tion in winter and rainy seasons,as well as plans on construc-
tion during high temperature weather have been made.
E. Results of second evaluation
According to the practiced engineering of the project(after
safety measures have been taken),adopting the evaluation
model introduced at the beginning of the thesis to carry out a
second evaluation(shown in table 1),the result is as fol-
low:W1=4.524˗W2=3.957˗W3=4.224˗W4=4.227˗W5=4.730˗
W6=3.610 Using formula ¦
4
1i
ii PWW , W=4.445.The defined
safety degree is “ safe” [6]. Evaluation results have met the
expected effect. During the construction of the diversion
channel project of Guan Yinyan hydropower station, no traffic
accident occurred.
TABLE 1. Second evaluation on construction traffic safety
Object HierarchRule Hierarchy Index Hierarchy Weight(P) Expert Scoring
Comprehensive
Evaluation Index
on Construction
traffic safety risk
Management Factor In-
dex( A1)
Management System (A11) 0.1726 4.8
Safety ResponsibilityA12 0.2856 4.5
Safety Culture(A13) 0.0555 4.0
Safety Supervision (A14) 0.4863 4.5
Site Technician Factor
Index(A2)
Education Background(A21˅ 0.1191 3.6
Training Background (A22) 0.5702 4.2
Age (A23) 0.0588 3.0
Technical level ˄A24˅ 0.2519 3.8
Machinery Factor In-
dex(A3)
Machinery Regulation Condition(A31) 0.2771 4.0
Mechanical Quality A32 0.4659 4.3
Purchase (A33) 0.0800 3.5
Machinery Maintenance and repair (A34) 0.1770 4.7
Material Factor In-
dex(A4)
Purchase of protective articles (A41) 0.2559 4.5
Purchase of Protective Articles.(A42) 0.1156 4.2
Material Quality (A43) 0.4763 4.0
Material Management (A44) 0.1522 4.5
Road Factor Index(A5)
Road Technical Standard (A51) 0.1398 4.8
Road Quality (A52) 0.4766 4.8
Road Junction (A53) 0.0870 4.0
Road Maintenance (A54) 0.2966 4.8
Environment Factor In-
dex(A6)
Geological Conditions ˄A61) 0.4723 3.6
Seasonal Factor (A62) 0.0725 3.2
Influence of rain and snow (A63) 0.2854 3.5
Night Construction (A64) 0.1697 4.0
Conclusion
In this paper, according to the evaluation model using
Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) on construction
traffic safety, influential safety factors of the project have
been found, including: management factors, site technician
factors, mechanical factors, material factors, construction road
factors and natural environment factors. Corresponding
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measures(i.e, building a multi-level and cross functional
steering safety assurance system;improving road quality and
HV line; crossroad traffic control; adopting removable tem-
porary security protection facilities; motivation and training
on staffs.) to improve project construction traffic safety have
been elaborated. Then, a second evaluation based on the mod-
el been carried out, the calculated result is “safe”. In engi-
neering practice, these measures have been proved applicable
and efficient.
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