TITLE:
Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in HIV Infected Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria
AUTHORS:
Akinsegun Akinbami, Ibidun Bode-Shojobi, Sarah Ajibola, Olajumoke Oshinaike, Adewumi Adediran, Olaitan Ojelabi, Kamal Ismail, Bodunrin Osikomaiya
KEYWORDS:
Prevalence; Screening; Asymptomatic Bacteriuria; HIV-Infected Patients
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of AIDS,
Vol.3 No.2,
June
5,
2013
ABSTRACT:
Background: People
living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are more predisposed to urinary tract infections due to
suppression of their immunity by the virus. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is
associated with an increased risk of symptomatic urinary tract infection and
the latter being an important contributor to development of chronic renal
failure, hypertension and toxaemia of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to
determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in HIV-infected patients and
proffer a recommendation on the need or otherwise to screen. Methods: This was a cross sectional
study of treatment-naive HIV-infected patients attending the HIV clinics of
Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja. A single voided aseptically
collected mid-stream urine (MSU) was obtained from each patient and all samples
processed immediately, were sent for urinalysis and culture. Isolates were considered
significant if there
were ≥105 colony forming unit/mL (CFU/mL) with 2 or less isolates, doubtful significance
if 5 CFU/mL.
Significant isolates were selected for identification. Data were analyzed using
SPSS version 16.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Inc., Chicago,
Ill). Results: A total of 156
consenting participants were recruited into the study. The mean age was 36.45 ± 8.65 years. There were 60 of 156
(38.4%) males and 96 of 156 (61.56%) females. Only 33 of 156 (21.2%) had
significant bacteriuria, out of the 33 participants, 19 (57.8%) were asymptomatic,
while 14 of 33 (42.4%) had significant growth but were symptomatic or on
antibiotics. E. coli was
isolated in 9 of 19 (47.3%), followed by Staph
aureus 4 of 19 (21.05%). Conclusion: More than half of participants who had significant growth had asymptomatic
bacteriuria, while one-fifth of all patients had significant growth.
Considering this statistics, screening for or treatment of asymptomatic
bacteriuria may be recommended in all HIV-infected patients.