TITLE:
Fractures and Biomechanical Characteristics of the Bone
AUTHORS:
Tomaz Velnar, Gorazd Bunc, Lidija Gradisnik
KEYWORDS:
Fracture, Biomechanical Characteristics, Bone, Structure, Surgery
JOURNAL NAME:
Surgical Science,
Vol.6 No.6,
June
30,
2015
ABSTRACT: The biological tissue is affected by external and internal deformation
forces: tractive/tensile forces, shearing and compressive forces. The bone is
deformed under the effect of a force. If the load exceeds the bone solidity
limitation, fracture occurs. A mature bone consists of compact and spongy bone
tissue. The basic structural unit of the cortical bone tissue is osteons and
spongiosa consists of a network of bone trabeculae. The organic and mineral
parts of the bone are responsible for the special bone characteristics. The
effect of a physical activity on the mechanical characteristics of the bone is
associated with the intensity of the load. Fractures are more common in elderly
people as the bone structure is altered on account of osteoporosis and contains
less bone tissue. Biomechanical characteristics with anatomic and histological
bone structure as well as osteoporotic hip fractures are described in the
paper.