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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Biophysical Characterization of Genistein in Its Natural Carrier Human Hemoglobin Using Spectroscopic and Computational Approaches

  AUTHORS: Biswapathik Pahari, Sandipan Chakraborty, Bidisha Sengupta, Sudip Chaudhuri, William Martin, Jasmine Taylor, Jordan Henley, Donald Davis, Pradip K. Biswas, Amit K. Sharma, Pradeep K. Sengupta

  KEYWORDS: Natural Drug Carrier; Fluorescence; Circular Dichroism; Molecular Dynamics; Docking

  JOURNAL NAME: Food and Nutrition Sciences, Vol.4 No.8A, July 29, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Steady state and time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, combined with molecular dynamics simulation, have been used to explore the interactions of a therapeutically important bioflavonoid, genistein, with normal human hemoglobin (HbA). Binding constants estimated from the fluorescence studies were K = (3.5 ± 0.32) ×104M-1 for genistein. Specific interactions with HbA were confirmed from flavonoid-induced fluorescence quenching of the tryptophan in the protein HbA. The mechanism of this quenching involves both static and dynamic components as indicated by: (a) increase in the values of Stern-Volmer quenching constants with temperatures, (b) / is slightly > 1 (where and are the unquenched and quenched tryptophan fluorescence lifetimes (averaged) respectively). Molecular docking and dynamic simulations reveal that genistein binds between the subunits of HbA, ~18? away from the closest heme group of chain α1, emphasizing the fact that the drug does not interfere with oxygen binding site of HbA.