TITLE:
Regulation and Improvement of Cellulase Production: Recent Advances
AUTHORS:
Nasir Ali, Muhammad Ammar Athar, Yasir Hayat Khan, Muhammad Idrees, Dawood Ahmad
KEYWORDS:
Cellulase, Regulation, Transcription, Promoter, Review
JOURNAL NAME:
Natural Resources,
Vol.5 No.14,
November
19,
2014
ABSTRACT: Cellulases and
hemicellulases are the main industrial sources from different microorganisms used to depolymerise plant biomass to simple sugars that are converted to
chemical intermediates and biofuels, such as ethanol. Cellulases are formed
adaptively, and several positive (xyr1,
Ace2, HAP2/3/5) and negative (Ace1, Cre1) components involved in this
regulation are now known. In this review, we summarise current knowledge about
how cellulase biosynthesis is regulated, and outline recent approaches and
suitable strategies for facilitating the targeted improvement of cellulase
production by genetic engineering. Trichoderma
reesei is the preferred organism for producing industrial cellulases.
However, a more efficient heterologous expression system for enzymes from
different organism is needed to further improve its cellulase mixture. In
addition those optimizations of the promoter and linker for hybrid genes can
dramatically improve the efficiency of heterologous expression of cellulase
genes.