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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Smoking and Pancreatic Disease

  AUTHORS: Mouad Edderkaoui, Edwin Thrower

  KEYWORDS: Smoking; Pancreatitis; Pancreatic Cancer

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Cancer Therapy, Vol.4 No.10A, November 28, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. However, the mechanisms through which it causes the diseases remain unknown. In the present manuscript we reviewed the latest knowledge gained on the effect of cigarette smoke and smoking compounds on cell signaling pathways mediating both diseases. We also reviewed the effect of smoking on the pancreatic cell microenvironment including inflammatory cells and stellate cells.