Phosphate Glasses, Correlation between Structure and Chemical Durability
—Understand and Control the Structure Evolution for Different Types of Technological Applications
During this research work, we were able to develop, by direct fusion, a set of phosphate-based oxide glasses series, for their use in various technological fields. At first, we took a particular interest in the knowledge that modifying oxides and intermediates in order to improve the performance-based oxide glasses. Studies by scanning microscopes (SEM), IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction of annealed glasses, and Mossbauer spectroscopy have made it possible to establish correlations between physico-chemical and structural properties. These studies have shown, in general, that when the oxygen/phosphorus ratio increases the metal/phosphorus ratio increases. The vitreous matrix undergoes significant depolymerization leading to the formation of the majority of diphosphate-type short chains with some traces of isolated orthophosphate chains. The number of metal-oxygen- phosphorus increases to the detriment of the P-O-P bond, in the vitreous network and leads to the formation of crystallites, these crystallites play an important role in improving the chemical durability and constitute a wall against corrosion. However, when the number of crystallites becomes higher, the equilibrium between the vitreous bath and the crystalline phases is no longer maintained, there is then a decrease in chemical durability. The spectra of, both, IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction of the annealed glasses indicate the predominance, in the glass, of isolated short orthophosphate groups. The SEM indicates an overload of the crystallites which exceeds the vitreous phase and signals the approach of the boundary zone between the vitreous domain and the crystallized domain. On the other hand, approaching the structure of phosphate glass from the boundary zone between glass and crystal leads to the formation of a leachate, during the attack by distilled water at 90°C, with a pH suitable for the investigation of bioactive glasses. The concept of degradation of phosphate glasses makes them, in the presence of calcium oxide, useful as biomaterials and potential candidates for medical use. On the other hand, the study of electrical conductivity within phosphate binary and ternary glasses has clearly shown that approaching the vitreous structure as close as possible to the limit zone between the glass and the crystal (formation of isolated short orthophosphate groups) leads to improvement in ionic conductivity due to lattice defects, which are more numerous and in a favorable position for mobile species such as lithium.
Sample Chapter(s)
Abstract (147 KB)
Components of the Book:
  • Acknowledgment
  • Chapter 1: Introduction and Objective
  • Chapter 2: Elaboration and Structural Investigation of Iron (III) Phosphate Glasses
  • Chapter 3: Structural and Durability Investigations of the Vitreous Part of the System (35 − z) Na2O-zFe2O3-5Al2O3-60P2O5 (5 ≤ z ≤ 20)
  • Chapter 4: Structural Feature and Chemical Durability of Sodium Aluminium Iron Phosphate Glasses
  • Chapter 5: Study of Sodium-Chromium-Iron-Phosphate Glass by XRD, IR, Chemical Durability and SEM
  • Chapter 6: Relationship between Chemical Durability, Structure and the Ionic-Covalent Character of Me-O-P Bond (Me = Cr, Fe), in the Vitreous Part of the System 60P2O5-2Cr2O3-(38 − x)Na2O-xFe2O3 (with 3 ≤ x ≤ 33 mol%)
  • Chapter 7: Correlation between Chemical Durability and Structural Approach of the Vitreous Part of the System 55P2O5-2Cr2O3-xPbO-(43 − x)Na2O
  • Chapter 8: Study of Chromium-Lead-Phosphate Glass by XRD, IR, Density and Chemical Durability
  • Chapter 9: Chemical Durability and Structural Proprieties of the Vitreous Part of the System xCaO-(40 − x)ZnO-15Na2O-45P2O5
  • Chapter 10: Chemical Durability and Structural Properties of Al2O3-CaO-Na2O-P2O5 Glasses Studied by IR Spectroscopy, XRD and SEM
  • Chapter 11: Chemical Durability, Structure Properties and Bioactivity of Glasses 48P2O5-30CaO-(22 − x)Na2O-xTiO2 (with 0 < x ≤ 3; mol%)
  • Chapter 12: Elaboration and Characterization of Glasses and Ceramic-Glasses within the Ternary Diagram Li2O-Cr2O3-P2O5
  • Chapter 13: Structural Features and Properties of the Vitreous Part of the System 50P2O5-25CaO-(25 − x)Na2O-xCoO (with 0 ≤ x ≤ 25; mol%)
  • Chapter 14: General Conclusion
Readership: Students, academics, teachers, and other people attending or interested in Phosphate Glasses, Correlation between Structure and Chemical Durability.
1
Acknowledgment
Said AQDIM
PDF (93 KB)
1
Chapter 1: Introduction and Objective
Said AQDIM
PDF (164 KB)
11
Chapter 2: Elaboration and Structural Investigation of Iron (III) Phosphate Glasses
Said AQDIM
PDF (1758 KB)
35
Chapter 3: Structural and Durability Investigations of the Vitreous Part of the System (35 − z) Na2O-zFe2O3-5Al2O3-60P2O5 (5 ≤ z ≤ 20)
Said AQDIM
PDF (986 KB)
57
Chapter 4: Structural Feature and Chemical Durability of Sodium Aluminium Iron Phosphate Glasses
Said AQDIM
PDF (1186 KB)
79
Chapter 5: Study of Sodium-Chromium-Iron-Phosphate Glass by XRD, IR, Chemical Durability and SEM
Said AQDIM
PDF (459 KB)
95
Chapter 6: Relationship between Chemical Durability, Structure and the Ionic-Covalent Character of Me-O-P Bond (Me = Cr, Fe), in the Vitreous Part of the System 60P2O5-2Cr2O3-(38 − x)Na2O-xFe2O3 (with 3 ≤ x ≤ 33 mol%)
Said AQDIM
PDF (678 KB)
115
Chapter 7: Correlation between Chemical Durability and Structural Approach of the Vitreous Part of the System 55P2O5-2Cr2O3-xPbO-(43 − x)Na2O
Said AQDIM
PDF (736 KB)
131
Chapter 8: Study of Chromium-Lead-Phosphate Glass by XRD, IR, Density and Chemical Durability
Said AQDIM
PDF (747 KB)
153
Chapter 9: Chemical Durability and Structural Proprieties of the Vitreous Part of the System xCaO-(40 − x)ZnO-15Na2O-45P2O5
Said AQDIM
PDF (797 KB)
169
Chapter 10: Chemical Durability and Structural Properties of Al2O3-CaO-Na2O-P2O5 Glasses Studied by IR Spectroscopy, XRD and SEM
Said AQDIM
PDF (4116 KB)
187
Chapter 11: Chemical Durability, Structure Properties and Bioactivity of Glasses 48P2O5-30CaO-(22 − x)Na2O-xTiO2 (with 0 < x ≤ 3; mol%)
Said AQDIM
PDF (1180 KB)
213
Chapter 12: Elaboration and Characterization of Glasses and Ceramic-Glasses within the Ternary Diagram Li2O-Cr2O3-P2O5
Said AQDIM
PDF (2701 KB)
239
Chapter 13: Structural Features and Properties of the Vitreous Part of the System 50P2O5-25CaO-(25 − x)Na2O-xCoO (with 0 ≤ x ≤ 25; mol%)
Said AQDIM
PDF (1390 KB)
263
Chapter 14: General Conclusion
Said AQDIM
PDF (148 KB)
Said AQDIM (Biography)
A Chemistry and Material Sciences Professor at Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco.

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