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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Expression and Clinical Significance of Various Cytokines in Otitis Media

  AUTHORS: Qingchen He, Yongbo Zhu, Bi Qiang

  KEYWORDS: Otitis Media, Middle Ear Mucosa, Cytokines, Eustachian Tube Function, Ciliary Transport Function

  JOURNAL NAME: International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Vol.13 No.1, January 15, 2024

  ABSTRACT: The expression and clinical significance of relevant cytokines in otitis media (OM) are discussed, and the alterations to the pathological state of the otitis media mucosa are further understood through the study of cytokine transduction pathways. More and more studies have shown that relevant cell proliferation and inflammation progression pathways play a role in the development of otitis media, such as the Jun amino-terminal protein kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, the NF-κB signaling pathway, and the PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway, which are involved in the proliferation of the middle ear mucosa during otitis media, which affects the mucosal cilia, motor function, Eustachian tube function, and the mucosal ciliary function. These studies provide new ideas for the treatment of otitis media and further explore the feasibility of immunotherapy in the future treatment of otitis media. In this paper, we present a review of the latest research progress on the expression of various cytokines in otitis media.