Schuster, P. (2004). Current Trends in Bumper Design for Pedestrian Impact: A Review of Design Concepts from Literature and Patents. Bumper Project, The American Iron and Steel Institute.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Experimental Evaluation of the Attenuation Effect of a Passive Damper on a Road Vehicle Bumper

  AUTHORS: A. Agyei-Agyemang, G. Y. Obeng, P. Y. Andoh

  KEYWORDS: Vehicle Bumper, Equivalent Energy Speed (EES), Impact Attenuation, Passive Damper

  JOURNAL NAME: World Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol.2 No.3, August 4, 2014

  ABSTRACT: To mitigate the degree of damage to passengers caused by automobile collisions, a friction damper was built and used in experimental tests to test its effectiveness in impact energy attenuation. The study revealed that energy absorption capacity of a bumper can be improved with the addition of a friction damper. The results revealed that the addition of the friction damper to an automobile bumper to give a bumper-damper system could attenuate about 32.5 % more energy than with the bumper alone. It can be concluded that the effectiveness of automobile bumpers to withstand impact of vehicles by absorbing the kinetic energy from the impact can be improved with the use of a passive friction damper. That is, a passive friction damper system could be used to attenuate more road vehicle impact energy in collisions.