陈尚胜. 论清朝前期国际贸易政策中内外商待遇的不公平问题——对清朝对外政策具有排外性观点的质疑[J]. 文史哲, 2009(2): 101-111.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Differences between China and Japan from the Changes of Foreign Policy at the End of the Shogunate Era

  AUTHORS: Mei Han

  KEYWORDS: Foreign Policy, China, Japan, Shogunate Era

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Access Library Journal, Vol.8 No.9, September 7, 2021

  ABSTRACT: In the 17th century, European countries gradually ushered in the dawn of modern enlightenment. Western countries desperately developed navigation and foreign trade and carried out colonial expansion. However, at this time, the feudal rulers of China and Japan in East Asia secluded the country from the outside world. As a result, it has brought serious obstacles to the development of politics, economy and culture. With the arrival of Western powers, China and Japan showed different attitudes towards the forced founding of the country.