TITLE:
Estimating the Soil Erosion by Using Rainfall Data for Selected Stations in Iraq
AUTHORS:
Osama T. Al-Taai, Dheyaa A. Al-Hassani, Ashwaq M. Mehdi
KEYWORDS:
Water Erosion, Soil, Mann-Kendall Test, Rainfall, Iraq
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Access Library Journal,
Vol.3 No.3,
March
14,
2016
ABSTRACT:
In this study, was estimated the annual water erosion (drifting) of the
soil by using total monthly and annually data rains of the eighteen years for the period from 1993 to 2010 for
eighteen monitoring stations in Iraq by using some sophisticated statistics like
(Spearman rho, Mann-Kendall and Simple Linear Regression). It was found when
analyzing the monthly total rainfall for eighteen years that rainfall varied
according to the station height and geographic location as well as by months
where North stations recorded the highest loss of the rain while I said the
rain toward the south, and was higher loss of rain during the winter months
(December, January and February) and there was a lack in the summer months. And
it was the highest annual total rainfall for eighteen years in the terminal
connector (5962.6 mm/year) and the lowest annual total rainfall station in
Karbala (1437.35 mm/year). Kirkuk station recorded the highest annual total to
erosion among the eighteen observational station (20,453 MJ·mm/ha·h) and the lowest annual total to erosion record in Al-Hayy station
(426.50 MJ·mm/ha·h), as for the annual change to rain and erosion was different from year
to year for each station where he found when an increase rain increasing erosion
but not necessarily to the same degree, and vice
versa to get decrease rain. The study proved that the highest value of rain
possible coincided with the highest value for the erosion, but not in all
cases, as well as for less the value of the rain where there were other factors
which were important and would increase or decrease the erosion where you played
a dual role, where he found that the highest and the lowest value rains were
respectively in Mosul and Karbala, while the highest and lowest value for f the
water erosion of the soil in Kirkuk station and Al-Hayy station respectively. Also
we found that there was a strong positive relationship between rain and erosion
where the relationship was close and almost complete and ranged from moderate
to very high but varied degrees of strength for each correlation coefficient
and each station where the Spearman Rho coefficient values between (0.6 - 0.9)
any of the average to a very high the value of coefficient Mann-Kendall was
(0.4 - 0.7) any of the average too high.