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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Aqueous-Phase, Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Reactions under Mild Conditions

  AUTHORS: Yueqin Cai, Gonghua Song, Zhongyuan Wu, Jiawei Zhang

  KEYWORDS: Suzuki Reaction; Ionic Liquid-Supported Diols; Phosphine-Free Ligands

  JOURNAL NAME: Green and Sustainable Chemistry, Vol.3 No.4A, November 22, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Water-soluble ionic liquid-supported diols have been used as phosphine-free ligands in Suzuki couplings of aryl idides/bromides/chlorides under mild conditions in aqueous solvent. It was found that 2,2-bis((1-hexylimidazolium)-mehyl) propane-1,3-diol hexafluorophosphate (4) in combination with palladium (II) salts gave the most significant catalyst. Suzuki couplings of aryl iodides/bromides occurred efficiently at room temperature in water/acetonitrile. Notably, the reactions of hydrophilic aryl bromides gave high yields in neat water. The catalyst PdCl2-4 was recycled five times in Suzuki couplings in water before catalyst activity began to significantly drop. The average yield of five cycles was >95% per cycle.