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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Fabrication and Characterization of Lanthanide-TiO2 Nanotube Composites

  AUTHORS: Khadijah M. Emran, Hessah E. Alanazi

  KEYWORDS: TiO2 Nanotube, Lanthanide Doped, Hydrothermal, XRD, TEM, Raman Spectroscopy

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol.13 No.2, March 20, 2023

  ABSTRACT: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) doped with neodymium (Nd) and/or Gadolinium (Gd) rare-earth elements were fabricated into nanotubes via the hydrothermal method in a KOH solution and in-situ doping. Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) and in-situ Nd-doped and/or Gd-doped TNTs were characterized with transmission and scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Morphologies indicated a network of aggregated nanotubes. The phase and composition analyses revealed that the lanthanide TNTs had anatase phases with Nd and/or Gd nanoparticles in the TNT lattice. The nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on the surface because of hydroxyl groups on the TNT surfaces, resulting in a very high loading density. The outer diameter and the length of the TNTs increased with doping. The mechanisms for the formation of multiwall TNTs are discussed.