TITLE:
Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Desmodium ramosissimum
AUTHORS:
Badé Farid Toyigbénan, Dah-Nouvlessounon Durand, Sina Haziz, Nanoukon Chimène, Moussè Wassiyath, Nabéde Aklesso, Assogba Sylvestre, Tohoyéssou Majoie, Nounagnon Martial, Halfane Lehmane, Adjanohoun Adolphe, Savadogo Aly, Baba-Moussa Lamine
KEYWORDS:
Desmodium, Benin, Extracts, Antimicrobial, Screening
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.11 No.1,
January
13,
2020
ABSTRACT: Microbial infections threaten the health of the
Beninese population. Objectives: To identify bioactive phytochemical
groups and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Desmodium ramosissimum used in traditional medicine in Benin
against microbial infections. Methodology & Results: The classic
reactions in solution helped highlight alkaloids, anthocyanins, flavonoids,
quinones, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, mucilage, Coumarin, reducing
compounds, anthracene, glycosides. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by
extracts dilution’s method (ethanol extracts, methanol extracts and hexane
extracts). The methanol extract inhibited the growth of all tested germs, with
a significant effect on E. coli and S. aureus strains whose MIC values are
equal to 1.25 mg/ml. On the contrary, this extract has a low activity on P. vulgaris strain with a MIC of 10
mg/ml. The ethanol extract also inhibited the growth of all the tested strains,
but with more intense activity than the methanol extract. The strains of C. albicans and S. oralis were more sensitive to the extract with 0.625 mg/ml for
MIC, while S. aureus and P. vulgaris were less sensitive (MIC = 5
mg/ml). The residual ethanol extract exerted inhibition on all microorganisms
at a concentration of 20 mg/ml, except the strain of E. foecalis that was resistant. Conclusion & Applications:
This study shows that besides its food virtues of this plant, there are antibacterial
and antifungal properties.