TITLE:
Influence of Tillage and Deep Rooted Cool Season Cover Crops on Soil Properties, Pests, and Yield Responses in Cotton
AUTHORS:
Michael W. Marshall, Phillip Williams, Ali Mirzakhani Nafchi, Joe Mario Maja, Jose Payero, John Mueller, Ahmad Khalilian
KEYWORDS:
Cover Crop, Cotton, Soil Compaction, Nematodes, Soil Water Content, Tillage
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Soil Science,
Vol.6 No.10,
October
11,
2016
ABSTRACT: Soil
compaction is a significant problem in the Southeastern USA. This compacted
zone or hardpan limits root penetration below this layer and reduces potential
yield and makes plants more susceptible to drought induced stresses. Soil
compaction in this region is managed using costly annual deep tillage at or
before planting and there is a great interest in reducing and/or eliminating
annual tillage operations to lower production costs. Deep rooted cool season
cover crops can penetrate this compacted soil zone and create channels, which
cash crop roots, such as cotton, could follow to capture moisture and nutrients
stored in the subsoil. The cool season cover crop roots would reduce the need
for annual deep tillage prior to planting, increases soil organic matter, which
provides greater water infiltration and available water holding capacity. Field
studies were conducted for two years with three different soil series to
determine the effects of tillage systems and cool season cover crops on the
soil chemical and physical properties, yield responses, and pest pressure.
Results showed that cool season cover crops significantly reduced soil
compaction, increased cotton lint yield and soil moisture content, reduced
nematode population densities, and increased soil available P, K, Mn, and
organic matter content compared to the conventional no-cover crop.