Stoll-Keller, F., Schmitt, C., Thumann, C., Schmitt, M.P., Caussin, C. and Kirn, A. (1997) Effects of morphine on purified human blood monocytes. Modifications of prop-erties involved in antiviral defences. International Jour-nal of Immunopharmacology, 19(2), 95-100.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Heroin-induced changes of CD34-positive rat thymus cells

  AUTHORS: Gentimi Fotini, Perrea Despina, Marinos Evangelos, Konstandi Ourania, Katsorchis Theodoros

  KEYWORDS: Heroin; Rat Thymus; CD34

  JOURNAL NAME: Health, Vol.2 No.8, August 26, 2010

  ABSTRACT: Heroin is a well known opioid that causes al-terations to the immune system of a number of investigated animals. Only a few studies have explored the effect of heroin on the lymphocytes maturation. Thymocyte progenitors originate from haematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. The immature T-cells express neither CD4 nor CD8, and are therefore classed as double-negative (CD4-CD8-) cells. CD34 glycoprotein is the only defined marker of the immature T-lymphocytes. In this study we have investigated the changes induced in CD34+ rat thymocytes after heroin administration by immunofluores-cence in frozen rat thymus sections using the 4H11 monoclonal anti-CD34 antibody. There is a remarkable decrease in the number of CD34+ immature thymocytes when examined 1hour after last heroin injection and a small recover when examination took place 20 days after last injection. The above results suggest a major effect of heroin administration early in the ma- turation process of T lymphocytes probably by increasing the apoptotic cell death and the ne- gative consequences for the immune system responses.